<ƪ>ͨҽ
ͨҽ
ߣں  
  
ݣԪ1644-1911  

<Ŀ¼>
<ƪ>
ԣط֮ߡ֮ܳ۶ø㡣Զʦϲ 
Ȼƶӡ׺ϰ¡ͨòҲĺΪҡͬ 
Ժؿ˹Ϊʢ١֮а֮ˡϿŽ¿ɲúҪʹ޲ 
޲ʶۡһһҮҽСҲȻҽ֮ں鷶Ϊ 
֮ʮȫܹʵ˹֮ԴپҽศԺʧ洫Ԫ 
̩ܼͨҽѧڮйΪǡ֪йԪҽϿ顣غ 
پ֮鼫Ϊȷķҽҽδҽضʶ󡣲ʱҽݺ񡣲֪ 
ԷƲֵŽʱԹһһܷ⡣Ωҽժ¼Ҫ֮˵֮ 
潮֮ͬԹһǼ֮زʼǸڴġҽСҲʿɷ 
ȡо֮߳ξð֮⽻̩ͬ Ӻ֮ʢϾҽСҲ 
\xʱʮɳںݴڻЪ亣ɽ\x 

<Ŀ¼>
<ƪ>
ԣһԺҽѧμôžʧҲҪƪעΪʧ 
ñҲʶ֮ 
һÿƪԱ½ڡ֪áȻʹѧ֪ĿѰйԴҲ 
һעͶĵáʵԾ⾭޶׫þ˵Ƕѡ 
һʵ־Ĵʲͬʽѵڬ޺Ż֮֮֡ͬҪʹּȻʵΪ 
 
һйอͼԪอζ಻ܺϡʸͼҽϾͼʵΪơ 
һйҽָĴอҽͬйอԭ޲ͼΪӡ֤ 
һอͼǵ֮˵ʵ֤ھμ˿ˬͼΪʵ 
һʮ澭Ѩҽ֪ͭͼڷּѨءΩйؾϤע֮ 
һθϼͼرھ֮ʵ֮μ޲ϡμδ 
ھ֮ 
һ鷽֤δȻ֤֮ҵȨҡҽвñѣҽѧ 
Դ֮Ҳ 
һѾδ롣Ȼ΢Բעѱ졣˺ٶȫܻȻ͡ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>
ԣҽν컯Ⱥ衣ν컯֮Ҳй˱֮֮塣ıϡı 
ԲͬҾ֮עֻ֮ 
Թͨߡ֮ 
δ֮ǰŮžɴ̥Сˮ֮Ҳ֮󡣱Ϣ֮ʳ 
ζ֮Ѫδ֮ǰ֮޲֮ͨͨʡ֮ʵ֮ 
ѡѧνҲʳζ֪ǵ֮ʡҽвһƪ 
δַס 
߲ؾؽҲΪҲ 
֮Ϊáѡؾڡ֮˳ؽӦ⡣Ƥ 
֮ѪҺشƤΪëΪ˳űΪ֮ˮ򡣱سڿΪΪҺ˼ؽ 
Ӧ֮һҲؽ뼫̫֮ͨҲԻؽ֮Ҳ⡣˹С 
Ʃ֮Ů̥֮ѪҲˮ°֮ˮ°Ѫ¡˼⡣˵ù֮塣˺аƤ 
ë˴⡣ܹڡ˿ɼ֮ 
֮ΪΪ֮ΪΪอΪΪ 
˻֮ߡƤǽߡֶ֮츲Ϊ 
ͳ̫֮ȫ˾֮Ϊͳ̫֮ȫ˾֮อ֮ΪкΪ 
Ϊи֮ߡҲΪอ֮ߡҲ˱֮ 
֪֮ҽʸ顣֮ǰ⡣ӡֳ֪ܽΡ֪ 
ʸֻʬ֮Ρܼ֮ա 
˽ͨۡĺΪһ¡Ϊҽ֮ԴҲ 
 
С˱֮ࡣ߲Ҳ֮ԳζΪҲ֪ 
֪֮֮ 
硣 
ΪʱΪӦ֮ߡ촺֮ҲѧԿ 
ɷ硣ȴڱȴϡԱھνϱ֮䡣Է֮ 
ھϱ⡣ʷӴ졣ӦʷӴھ֮̽Դ 
ľ 
֮֮СΪľ¡ԲľиѿӺ˶Ȼؿ١ʵз 
ľѿ֮Ǳǵʡ÷֮Ҳۿν¡ 
ӡѿ֮ܿ硣зǡ˾֮̿˵ֻǻ 
ľˮľľ֮塣ľ绯Ϊࡣ 
ľᡣ 
ľ֮Ρζľ֮ζᡣʷʵζԴᡣΪסֻǷɡ 
Ρ 
С׶ζӡȻ˵ñ֮ࡣľ֮Ϊɡʳζߡ 
Ҳζ븹ɡĸСĸʳζ֮Ѫࡣ 
Ϸȡ 
ϷΪ롣ⷢνȴгҲΪ֮ 
 
֮Ҳڵ֮СΪ֮֮ʺͼ֮ض 
ѧԸֻʯ֮ȡĥʯм϶ȼľĥ϶ȼھ 
֤֮ 
ࡣ 
ﾭζ޲ࡣǻ֮ʹȻҲľ֮ߡζԿࡣζƪ 
ġ 
˱֮ζǶࡣͬ 
ʪ 
롣֮ˮˮ𽻻ᡣʪΪ֮Իߡ֡˫ 
ΪһҲཻȱˮཻΪʪ̸̿򡣶ʥֻ 
֡塣 
ʪ 
ʪΡΡΪ켺֮ȫкʪҲǵء֪ʥȴзֱ 
ϡ¡ཻ֮Ҳʸöɡ֪ԸáԽʪ 
ʡ 
֮ζζʡʸߡ֮ζҲֳ֪֮ζ֪ζҩ 
Ƣ 
˱֮ζǶƢࡣ 
 
֮ɱΪһΪ֮ʱ³һΪ 
ɱԳҲѧ֪Ϊˮ֮ȡùʲ֪Ҳ 
 
д֮֮ڵ֮Ϊ¡ľ䡣֮顣֮ 
ߡʪҲ 
 
֮ԡȻζ 
Ρ 
˱֮ζǶࡣԲ֮Ҳ 
 
ȴϡڱ б֮˵ 
ˮ 
ΡΪɹˮνˮں䲣֮Ϊˮ 
顣Ȼ䲣ԴҲƽˮ֮Ϊˮˮھˮ֮ϡ 
ˮ̡ 
ˮ֮ԡζΪ̡ 
 
ˮ֮ζࡣ˾֮ˮ 
׵ءࡣӦ֪֮֮ࡣСȻ֮Ϊٺ֮ΪĪ 
ɡ֮ƫΪľ֮Ե֮ƫҩ֮֮ҽ 
ҲӦ֮ѧѧй֮˵ͬʵͨΩҽѧֹ 
֪֮ۡʵͬҲ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>
ԣС֮ߡࡣɾ֮֪顣֮ԭί 
ҩ֮˼ɡӿʶӡ 
\x\x 
˵Ҷв¡ҲҽơҶ󿿼ǰĤڸ֮Ҷ䡣ΡӸ 
ǰšϡ¡ʵƫνξߡӦ𱾶λԵ 
\rͼ\pt31a1.bmp\r 
ҽָĴԸϵżǰθΪᡣӡˮΪθˮҽԸ¡ֻԻѪ 
֭볦˵ԸΡˮʳھй֮ѡϵ֮δԡϵİ硣 
ͬϵżΪΡѨϵѭǻӡһƬھΪĤϵǰСͳĤϵΪ֮ 
֮ͨĤԴӸΡϵ˵Ըξ˵ԸξҡȻϵʵӡСֲҡ 
֡ζҲ 
Ϊ硣 
Ϊ硣˱֮˾֮硣ʷ粡ԸΪ 
ڵΪľ 
֮֮ľʵľ֮ö֪֮֡ 
Ϊ 
ڹǡǹˮľˮľ֮塣Ӧ֮󡣾֮ʵɸ֮ĤĤ 
ڽҲҽӼĤ⡣ͷҲȻ˵Խ֮塣δԽ֮ΩھԽΡǴӸ 
ĤȻѰ֮Դͷ֪η 
ɫΪԡ 
΢΢ơƤɫ˲ɫ޲ʤκʤȡ˲Сʲ֪ɫӦ 
֮ 
Ϊǡ 
ΪľͶ֪޲ѧҹꡣȻֳܷɡδ 
Ϊ 
кҲ̫ʤͳ֮Ϊк֮ҲΡ 
ڱ䶯Ϊա 
֧˶ԽȻʽ֮䶯ΪաмΡսȭ͸צ  
Խ֮䡣 
ΪĿ 
ԡԶͨĿʸοĿβػꡣĿΪҹĿջ긴ڸΡҽʸ 
顣صϸ֮ܹղ֮Ȼѿ±ա֪֮ͫҲʹˮܡ 
ܺΩĻˮԡϸעĿС֮ĸ֮ӹʲ֮Ŀҽ֮ܽбĿ 
ʹȻб֪Դʸա 
ζΪᡣ 
ľ֮ζҲľúʪ֮򻯶Ϊᡣ̳ӡľʪ֮Ϊᡣ  
ӡֺȶ֤䡣 
ҺΪᡣ 
ĿΪϡΪҺ 
仪צ 
צǽ֮ࡣ仪צ 
Ϊ 
ʳľޡľ֮Ҳ֮澫ӡ˲֪ 
Ϊ 
Ϊâȱ֮ľΡپγв֮ȡľҲ 
󼦡 
ΪľҲپüʸתȡΪȥҲ峣ۡȮΡľ֮һ塣 
ë 
Сë档Էľ֮ʸβ֮״вëߡҽ֡вƪ 
ͼʨС档âϾߡȻ֪ľ֮ҽƵ컯ԴҲ 
ˡ 
ͼΪľ֮Ϊľ֮֮΢֪ҲһߡҲʼҲ 
ΩˮСԻһˮȻˮδҲشľ֮ˮüɡڡ 
ˮ˳ɡɻˮʵضˮ֮󡣹֮߳ˮ֮Ѿ˻ľľذ˳֮ 
ŽʮһҲ߳Ϊ߳Ϊʥ֮򡣶֮֮ 
֮ӡ 
 
پƤʡθҲһ֮СָСʹͬľʵָࡣ 
˾¡ 
ôȡľ¸ֹѪиҲžҲ 
\x\x 
Բ¼⡣ĤҲз֮СĤڽءΪΪСΪ 
ҽơ֮ҷѪѪְ֮硣ӰзԴʰΪʹ֮١ 
\rͼ\pt31a2.bmp\r 
ҽڡķйΪѪѪ֮áѪ̿ϻϷһܹܡӻѪС 
·һܹܡѪΡȥɫ䴿ࡣ֮Ϸ·һܹѪС 
תġ˼ھӪᡣ̫μѪ֮˵Ҳ 
Ϊȡ 
ϷΪҲ 
Ϊ 
Ѫ˱֮ѪɫࡣߡѪ֮·ҲΪѪҽơķݡ֮ 
Ӧ֮ҽָĴνܷҲپȫѪ֪֮ӡ 
ɫΪࡣ 
֮ɫƤɹ졣ѪҲĻ̫ѧԺɫж 
ȼھ֮ɫ֮塣 
Ϊ 
Ͷֳݡ 
ΪЦ 
־ϲʷΪЦ 
ڱ䶯Ϊǡ 
ϲ֮ҲĻϲĻǡ˵֪ϲЦŭд˵Ȼ֮顣Գɴߡ˲֪ 
Ϊࡣ 
֮ܡӷϵࡣζ 
ζΪࡣ 
ﾭ ζԿȻǻζʵ֮Ҳʷζߡк 
־Ϊϲ 
Ļϲ 
ҺΪ 
˰׻ˮ֮͸ƤëҲʷ̫СΪ̫֮֮ͬͬϡ 
ĻСϰΪˮܻΪپ޺ơкù֦֦ 
ҲԺΪҺҽ֪֮ԴҲ 
Ϊɫ 
ѪҲ 
Ϊ 
ơԽ 
ߡ 
ͼΪ֮Ϊ֮ 
 
ɫ¡Ϊ֮ȡ 
 
֮Ϊġ᷿֮ΪΪ󡣽ơȻΪ峤 
 
ӦϷ֮϶ʹƷɡȼ֪塣ӡ 
ӡ 
֮ʿཱུǷҩʵԻƽ֮Ҳ 
ޯ 
¡ҶմˮҲپرԡҲ 
\xƢ\x 
䡣Χθҽơθһ֭СϿڡԻθ֮ƢѪܡ 
ͨڸΡఴƢĤ֮ϡͨѪ֮·ȫĤҲйҽ顣֮˵ȻζƢ 
һ֮ҽ⡣֪⡣Ƣ֮ҲְپԽƢǷɢ⡣ƢԼ͡Ƣڡ 
֮ʹڸ͡͸⡣Ȼ⼡ڸࡣƢ֮ҲҽƢ֮Ѫ޹ˮȸѪĻ 
Իߡ֮ҲƢˮ֮˵ҽ֪ˮڡɢθС֪ 
֮༴Ƣ֮໬ˮ 
\rƢͼ\pt31a3.bmp\r 
ҽָĴƢйܡ¤ˮθ͸˹ܡ߼ҲఴƢθĤһйܡ 
ȻƢѪɡҽƢѪܡѪƢ߼ࡣఴѪĻͳѪࡣʳ 
ƢӵԻ֮ҽ֭ȡ⼴ҲϡͽƢ֮ܻˮӡܻ 
ƢʪָҲд˻󡣹ʳͨﻯԪͼƢҡҽͼ󡣿ӡƢ 
֮˵Ƣ֮Ӧʵ֡书ʵҲ 
Ϊʪ 
֮ᡣʪ 
ڵΪ 
ʪΪʪսԻΪֳʪҲ 
Ϊ⡣ 
ּ漡֮Ƿ⡣⡣⡣֮⡣ǻ֮Ĥ͸ҲƢĤ֮ 
ƢͶĤ֮͡Ƣ֮ҲΪ͡Ϊ⡣ҲĤгƢѪ֡Ƣ֮Ѫ 
㡣˳ڴ⡣֮⡣ƢӦ֮⡣ 
ɫΪơ 
Ϊ֮ɫΪ޲ΪʪƢҲ 
Ϊ 
͡С 
Ϊ衣 
Ƣ˼˼֮Ϊ衣Ը衣Ƣ衣 
ڱ䶯Ϊܡ 
ƢҲ̵ͬѪ֮¡ 
Ϊڡ 
ͨࡣȻɹͨθθʵƢ֮ҲʿƢ֮ϡרߡмߡҽͼڡ 
ͨͨķΡͨθͨƢ֪θƢ֮ͨƢƢϡӡھȷˡ 
ܼ 
ζΪʡ 
ҽơ֭볦Ǹߡ֮ζҲʸζܲƢ̫ƢΪ 
־Ϊ˼ 
Ƣá־˼˼תƢ 
ҺΪѡ 
Һ֮ˮҲƢˮˮʪΪѡƢߡƢѳճ 
Ϊ 
ΪƢ֮ϡΪ֮ŻƢ֮Ѫ͡ƢߴƢߴƢƢȴڴ 
ҽ֮μߡϲ֪ 
㡣 
ζΪ㡣ľ֮ࡣƢ 
塣 
ͼʮΪ֮Ϊ֮֮Сȹʶԡ 
𢡣 
ζƢС֮ߡ 
ţ 
ţҲйţƢζţľʲˡơ 
  
Ǳܻ֮ˮ 
档 
ζʡ֮Ƣ֮ 
˿ 
ʪʻˮʶӡС㡣 
\x\x 
ҽԷθۡǰҶġںϿθ˸ܡȡ¶ÿ⡣±ͨ 
档ÿҶ֮ĩΪݡݶɢݹҲ˵ڷݡ 
Ԫ֪֮áȫҲ 
\rͼ\pt31a4.bmp\r 
ưҶҲҽҶ´󸽼ǡǰšйϡͨĤ´ 
ɡĤĭ 
Ϊ 
Ϊɱ֮ʾľݸҲ 
ڵΪ 
ڵ֮СΪ֮ʵ֮Ҳ 
ΪƤë 
ν졣ڵ֮⡣Ƥë֮⡣ƤëΡζϡƤëǿϡ 
ʹƤëҲҽƤ۶֪˺δƤŨδƤȻ֪ƤΪ֮˾ëܴ֪֮ 
̫֮Ҳ 
ɫΪס 
֮ɫ׶ߡ޲ݹҰʧѪԷ֮ɫѪҲ 
Ϊ̡ 
 
Ϊޡ 
Ҳ֮ʿޡ 
ڱ䶯Ϊȡ 
ϡʿ̵÷ߡкͶߡ 
Ϊǡ 
ͳڷΡͨڱ 
ζΪ 
֮ҡζϸ֮Ҳߡֱ֮ԡ¸Ҳ 
־Ϊǡ 
 
ҺΪ顣 
ڱǡΪ֮ҺкԳл顣 
Ϊë 
Ƥëʷ顣ƤëҲ 
Ϊȡ 
Ϊˮ塣ȡ 
š 
ͼΪ֮Ϊ֮ 
ȵ 
졣Ƥװס 
󹷡 
˵ơߵߵν֮ 
顣 
֮ɽסƸΡܹľҲ 
 
Ρ˵֮峣ҡ 
˾¡ 
ɫסΡȻôΪࡣΡߡֹҩԴΡֻʾԶߡν 
⡣Լһֹһ 
\x\x 
綹ӡĤһڼΪϵϵĤɷζ¡ѭС 
ϵ͸롣ĤڵˮмϵҲΪĤͷԴ֮𡣲 
ĤҲ˵ҽܻ֮ͨҲ꿼ھԼ 
иڡбĤҽΪ¡·ϵ֮ԴҲϵǰĤ˳ 
ɡһἹϵ֮ͨҲΪܡͨڱǡ뵤Ϊ֮Ϊ硣 
ˮθɢĤСϵΪ͸½˼סҽܡ֪ͨ衣һԻ 
ߡˮ֮ͨΪ֮ԴҲھδСȻνΪˮΪˮΪ֮ 
˾ӿ֪ӡ 
\rͼ\pt31a5.bmp\r 
Ϊ 
Ϊ 
ڵΪˮ 
ΪΪˮ 
Ϊǡ 
ˮ֮ݲ֮֮ǡС費㡣ͷδϡ顣ʹҲҽ 
ӡ顣ϴСԲۡӡȻ֪֮Թ衣֪Ϊǡ֪衣 
ҲʶҽĳйˡΪҽʿҲ 
ҩȥʬ⡣ݹǡ֮ҩ֡ԱУڽӹǼ顣ѯΪ档֤޲ԡ 
ǡ֪ǨЦӡ 
ɫΪڡ 
ˮ֮ɫҲڶҵߡˮ˥úߡˮߡ֮ɹߡ塣ɫȻתࡣ 
ת졣òֽȫɫɫƷ롣ˡȻֽɺڴƷԡ 
ɫټƷˮɫ˾ɫӡǿɼж֮ 
Ϊ 
ϸ 
Ϊ롣 
롣Ҳ¡̫Ϣ֮ 
ڱ䶯Ϊ 
սòϡ顣ս 
Ϊ 
԰νͷĽС֮Ϊ˵Կϡ·ͷ֮ 
ԡͨԡ·ֱݡڶҲ˳ƶ֮ѨԻ䡣б֮򶯡ϸ 
ɡ䶯Ѩ׶ϸ硣ɪ֮ҡϡԡҲ֮˴˵ӡ 
Ȼ֪ϡ֪˾ߡǺҲΪᡣͨڶܱߡԿΡȻ 
ɺڡնáѧԿطߡǻҲ 
֮Զ֮Ϊߡ֮Դ֮ 
Ҳ֮ӦԶ֮֡Ӻ֮Ҳѧδ̸ˡ 
ζΪ̡ 
鷶Ի̡ˮ֮ζҲҩصȡ 
־Ϊ֡ 
־Ϊǿ֮١鲻ǿΪӡ 
ҺΪ 
Ϲϵϵ౾ȪӢѨҺ֮ҲҺϷΪ١ 
Ϊ 
Ѫ֮ࡣʵѪƤë߶Ҳˮ̫֮⡣ͷ 
ѪѪ֮С֮ΪƤëͷѪǶһƤëͷǶԷѪࡣ 
Ϊˮ֮Ҳ뷢֮ҩԲ 
Ϊ 
ˮ޲ˮ֮ 
 
ͼһΪˮ֮Ϊˮ֮ 
ȶ 
ڶҲԳɫڡˮ 
 
ҲɫΪˮ֮ 
ۡ 
ˮ֮ҲˮԴ֮塣 
 
ɫڡˮ 
޽ 
޽Ҷ 
֮󡣲Сضࡣ֮С֪֮б仯֮ 
ҩȻͨʽ¼۵ĺΪһԼš 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>
ԣ֮ߡ֮Ҳ֮ǿĶѡʵ֮СΪ֮ 
ࡣ˲֮񲻰֪֮˾֪岡֮״ 
Ĳ 
֪֮ҲǺ֮ಫν֮񡣿֮仯ν֮񡣴˽ԷԸۡ 
δʵָ֮ҲΪ֮ʵָԻ֮ϹġΪкˮ֮Ωں⻤ 
֮ԹĻ𡣵֮տȻɹԻĲѪ㡣񷳡 
㡣ӡ̵ġҲҽ֪ΪѪѪ֮ࡣνĲ֪֪ߡԺ 
ֻ˶ǰ֪Խͨߡ˲֪衣ʵ֮á֪ҲΪˮ֮Ļ 
֪֮ӹ˼ִضġĻ֮塣չΪ֮ΪҲ 
βػꡣ 
֮֮ҲΪѪΪѪѪں֮νꡣ 
֮Դڿˮ֮һƻ֮áΪɽ֮ԪڷΡڸߡǱҲڸ 
ߡ֮ҲĿΪҹڸζΪ¡겻ζ겻ǿҽ֪Ǻʲ 
Ȼ֪뻪ͬʱҹ»㱡ߡǺԵ˽Ȼǻʸ̽ȡ 
ηܲʱ˲֪Ҳ 
βǡ 
ѪȻ֮Ҳʡߡ֮顣֮νǡѪҲ 
ҲҲʵָ廪֮ҽνֻĤĭҲΩдĭɢΪҺ 
ΪѪǶӻٺϲ㱲ǡҲħжҲΪ 
Ҳǽ󡣱仯Ī⡣ҽʸø̸ҽǡ֪֮˵աƢ⡣ 
ע֮ν֮⡣ĻƢƢƢܼҲá˼ҲƢ֮ˡƢ 
˼Ƕ١Ƣ 
־ 
ע֮֮ν֮־ھ־ġ֮塣־ߡרҲ־֮á 
ҲΪ֮Ϊٺ֮㡣ɳɡ־֮Ҳְ־ ֡ 
ҲԲ˼ԡںδΪСĿԡԾ 
ԡ֮衣ӡǲѡ֮Ҫ˼һ˼֮֮֡Ļ֮Ҳ 
֭Ӱ֮ҩҲθһն¼ͬ塣ѧӰӡҽ֪Ӱ 
֮ʸǧˡܵô˼֡ضضǰҲעضӡ 
ھ֮˵Ƣ־ؾ˲ͬȻ־ѪߡҲע 
ڴʴ֮˵Ϊǡ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>
ԣϡԱ֮ҲҲ 
֮Ҳ 
ҽơѪܡѪɢСķԴѪݡѪ 
Ӧ֮Ϊ˵ǡΪѪ֮νҲҽָĴνܷѪܡܶѪܶ 
һֹһһֹһһһϢ 
ܡӦĶΪӡ֮ҲҽΪҽ֮ǳҲ֡ʼھ 
ȷ߲ܵҲᡣҪƪ 
ɫҲ 
ѪѪɫѪɫݡ 
Ҳ 
֮ǡˮ֮ҲΪ 
֮سˮ֮Ҳ֮Ѫˮڻ𼴻ΪѪѪΩˮû𡣶֮˳ɡ 
Ѫߡؼ油ˮĵپõػơ֪ 
֮ƤҲ 
Ϊɽ߶֮޲⡣֮޲ʺƤëҽơܡ 
ɢΪëϡͳڷΡʷκƤëС޲ηҲٱ΢ռëС 
ӡ档ʵ֮ҲǷоסֱ֮סëߺ֮ױ 
˽֪֮ë֮ϸ˲֪ʵһë֮һ롣ë֮롣й˲֪Ƥë 
ǴëͨҲ 
ëҲ 
ëߡѪ֮ҲȻʵѪɡˮˮŮѪΪѪˮ 
ΪѪ´ΪΪѪӡѪΪˮëѪë֮ 
ʢҲë 
Ҳ 
֮С֮С˽𡣶֮СĻ·Ρ͡޺ȱ֤֮ 
Ļߡ˷֮ҲĻ̫Ļ㡣κ 
֮ϽҲ 
ľΪϡ˵֪šڹǽڼ䡣֪ʵͨǸдĤƤ 
⡣Ĥ֮֮Ĥͷڽ֮ĤΪ֮ĤĤΪ 
Ϊ֮Ҳҽ塣δΡָΪȷʵߡ֮νҲ 顣Ĥ 
շšǣȻ֪֮ԴҲ 
צҲ 
צΪ֮ࡣ͡ٷצ 
Ҳ 
Ѫ֮ص÷ν֮ľΪѪͳƽľλΪ̵ 
ʧѪ֤ 
Ƣ֮Ҳ 
֮ʡƢΪ̫ˮ⡣Ƿ⡣⡣ѪƢ֮ϡ 
Ƣڡ͡͸⡣ƢѪ㡣ִ⡣ڡ 
ѪҲƢ⸡ƢƢ͡ӸͶ⡣μ֮ȻҲҽʸǳ 
ƤΡƤΡδ֪ƢԲη 
ٴҲ 
Ƣڿڡ˿֮ŻڴΪƢΡ 
Ҳ 
ľйˮƢøľ֮йʳľ֮Ϊкйκʹҹ۽ù֦ 
¸Ρ֪塣λΪǸβƢʸΪƢ֮ҽν֭θȼھľ衣֮塣 
֮ϹҲ 
衣ߡ֮ǡԱΪϵἹؾ衣ǹʹߡ֮Ҳҽ 
֧˶֮衣֪Ǻ֪ǺϡζభҲ 
ٷҲ 
֮ëѪë䡣ëСνڴ 
֮ءθͷǶ̫Ҳ̫ӱͷӼͷ̫סΪ֮ 
ͷѪڵ֮ڡ֮ѭϡΪͷ㡣ڷߡԷס 
Ѫ֮ 
ƢҲ 
ƢˮԷҲƢͳ㡣žƢˮˮΪ̵ 
 ע΢ּơλ֮¡֮λ֮¡֮λ֮¡֮֮¡֮ 
򺦳ơϡҲҲķζƢ˹ɡ֮ 
죡ҽСอȻڽ֮ͨʡ֮Ų֪ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>อ
ԣߡ϶ɹҲΪ弴иΪá֮ڸ֮ࡣϡɹ 
ƪ֮ 
κϴ󳦡ߡ֮ 
Ϊ𡣴Ϊ𡣷βǡ󳦸šΪš󳦽֮ͨ·ȫڷϵĤ֮СĤ´ 
󳦡ȫ塣ĤΡһһ¡ԶĤ֮СעǷμߡ 
¡١̫ξ󳦾ͨҲ֮νʹҲ 
֮Դӷʴᡣδ֤֮ʱǷνڴ󳦡Ȼ󳦲 
ڷΡ˺ŧѪߡԡŧѪߡΪԡаȲӴкաںк󳦡˴ 
Ϊ֮Ҳ 
\rͼ\pt31a6.bmp\r 
Ԫͼ󳦡۵һšֳܷءΩҽԴͷС֮šҸСΪϻء 
θ¡ϡΪء󸹶СΪ»ءתΪֱкת֮·Ҳپơ 
תߡʺپһת֡ѻ֮ΡԪҽ֮졣ҽ̤֮ʵСθΪ 
šȫĤ֭֭ԴĤСҲ 
ĺССߡʢ֮ 
ľ̫СѭСΪСȫ塣Ĥѭ͸СΪİ硣 
СͨȫӰ͸дĤСͨСʢʹ֭ϡġѪС 
Ϊ֮ĻС֮ɲйĻ̫СĤΪˮĤй 
ΪƳɫ֤ɡŧѪȫС֮ʢ֮ע 
κϵߡо֮ 
ھơƢ֮θĤอԶһʵĤΩڸΡΪнҽԸ¡ 
ֻǻ֭֭ѭĤθʳ֮֮˻н֮ȫڵʵо֮Ҳ𡣸 
ľ֭ΪľҲ֭ľҲʾʳθɢڸΡκܻ֭ 
̫֭ 
֤ 
Ƣθθ֮ 
Ƣθ⡣Ĥҽơθһ֭θʳԻ谴ġƢ֭ 
Ƣ֮ҲӹĿƢθɹθߡƢ֮ҲθΪƢΪɹθ顣ɹȶ 
Ƣ顣ʳʺƢ֮ᡣ֪Ƣθ֪Ƣθ֮ԫƢθ 
ǵ֪θ֪Ƣҽθ֭֭ֲ֭ۡθΪ 
ɹ֮ƫҲ 
\rθͼ\pt31a7.bmp\r 
ԻšԻšĤǰĤƢƢһԻ⡣ҽָĴΪᡣ 
Ҳȥ͡ҽ֭ȡ֪䡣ҲƢ֬ࡣˮθСƢ֮ʪ 
Һ֮Ȼ󸯱䡣θ֮ԻԼθɡƢһһʪΪá 
ϰסߡҺ֮Ҳ 
ΪˮࡣΪˮ֮ˮ޲硣ڰס¡νסϡϡ֮ˮ 
ȫƾԳνˮСŷɶס޴֮·ҲԻҽָĴ߳ҽơˮ 
θɢĤθ֮档ȫ΢˿ܳˮˮĤ߸ϵ硣ϵ׸ 
֮ڡĤҲй˼Ĥϵνס¿Ͽڡ© 
֮ҽ˵ҽȻִԱʥ϶ϲɡھԡ½Ͽڡߡ֮ 
١ˮɡھνҽνĤҲʽ֡HT  ˸ʡ˲֪Ϊӡ 
ʵ֮ߡҺ֮֮ˮˮ֮ΪҺԻ 
ΪˮƤëΪ˳űΪΪ١อͳҺʵ°֮ˮСԻϰ 
ססΪҺ֮Ҳ 
\rͼ\pt31a8.bmp\r 
Ӵˮӹڰ׺Ϊ뵤ˮС縪ˮ 
н¿ڡбϡߡַע֮Ҳ 
Ρʽࡣߡ֮Ҳˮɡסǹ֮Ҳ֮Ҳ 
ϰסֺҲߡˮ֮ΪߡҲżϵ 
ϵĤΪ½ΪнĤΪϽԴʵϵϵҲΪ֮ 
Ź˾ˮ𡣺ߡҲߡˮˮ֮ 
ҲһࡣΪӡˮˮ֮ʵΪĤ͡θסʳθɳ 
¡ˮθθ֮΢ܡˮɢĤĤҲˮϽ͸ϵ½͡Ĥ 
Դ׹ߡ֮ˮɡߡνҲǹ֮ν席 
˾ˮ֮¡ֶһҲ֮Ͼ䡣ࡣ϶ɹҲйκ󡣲֪Ϊ 
ҽҽΪ֪ӡȻ֪䷢Դδ֪̲֪ͬ 
\rͼ\pt31a9.bmp\r 
ʽ֮罫˧֮ڷΡȫ֮Ȼ 
һͳ˧ࡣһӪҲǹ֮һ󡣹ͳࡣ 
ߡ³֮·Է״϶¡ͳҲ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>อ֮
ԣ١ν˾֮Ҳ޲Чְвʧ˾ 
߾֮١ɡ 
֪˶һġʰΪ֮ΪҲҽġֻȻһ˾֪˶ 
˾֪˶ߡȫ衣ԡ֮֪˾˶ߡԺ֮ǰкš 
֪˾֪ߡǰԴˡ޲Ȼνҽ˵ҲһƤһë޲ʹкߡα 
кաҽ֪֪Ǻھơ衣ġԭΪáͨ 
ġġΪкˮ֮˾ҲĲעҽԺ֮಻֪кš 
ͨҲҽнͨġǱνǰ˾֪Ҳͨ˾֪˾֪ 
Ǵġ֪Ϊ˾Բ֮ͨԽ֮಻кա֮˵̱֮ɲӡ㡣 
ˮû澫ںⷢǳɡйˮ⡣ע 
նȻο־ע 
ี֮١ƽڳɡ 
Ϊ⡣Ը֮ĻԱ֮ʦ֮Ҳʳี֮١ 
ѪڷΡ÷Ѫ򸴱ġھӪѪڷ֮˵ּี 
֮١˾ְҲҽơѪСѪ̿ɫ˶ΪѪġ̭Ѫ֮ 
˼ھΪี֮塣йֻ̿ҲĻ̫עĻ㡣йΪ 
ȡԲƽ֮ҲΩĻʹ̫Ļ𡣲ʹ±޲϶ȡ 
߽֮١ıǳɡ 
֮ءΪΪ֮ҲԼ̶м 
ڸСкΪıǴӴ˶ԳΪ֮١ʸߡΪ 
ҡߡÿӡ 
֮١ϳɡ 
ҽԿ൨֭˸Ѫй˵ν˾˸ľ֭֮֮˵ԭ㣡 
Ωҽ֮벻塣ڵֲָһʵδ֪Ϊ֮ٹҲ֭֭ۡߡ˲塣 
ۡ򵨻ߡ˲塣̫߲úСʧиΪᱩ֮ˡߡÿӡ಻ú 
ҲղᡣóΪ֮١оϡԸεߺ֮ۡı֮ 
ϡ 
߳ʹ֮١ϲֳɡ 
ǰĤܻвĤ֮ߡİ硣עΪв֪ 
ֻϽһĤܴεʹ֮Ωİ硣Ĳ֮йѪ 
ѪûͶҡϲ֮֡߰ҲĹϲ̫֮߰ʢҲҽϡмĤ֮ 
֮νҲҽ֪硣˾¡ 
Ƣθߡ֮١ζɡ 
อһ١ΩƢθߡһ١ҲθɹƢȡϡɹƢθͳ 
֮١ƢθҲơζߡȱζһθСΪ֭ҺƢ֮Ĥɢ 
ߡƢθอӪҲθɹȡζθ֮Ƣȡζܴڸࡣ 
Ƣ֮ 
Сߡʢ֮١ɡ 
ʢСҲСϽθθ֮ʢС֮СҽơСͨĤĤС 
΢˿ѪܡС֭֮ͨ΢˿Ѫע볦ԻʳƢ֭֮ע롣С֭֮ 
ĤгСࡣԻɡҽָĴԸСߡΪ͡νΪԪ档 
ʳ֪ھԡСʢ֮١ɡʵָС֮丽С֮ĤнҲ֮ƢС 
ϵ֮֮ͨ·Ĥ֮˿ԴġСﲻΪΪܡƢ 
нʢʳᡣ㲻޹ˮΪкҽС֢֮й֮йӸ֢ 
й˵ˮСȻ·ɶסҽҲˮθɢСעȻС 
ʢߡֻʳҲʳѪʳСԻΪҺԳϷĶѪС 
Ϊ֮ȡĴҲ 
ߡ֮١仯ɡ 
仯֡νСˡ֭Ϊɶ֮ܳʡΪܴ֮ߡ 
Ϊ֮´ܴҲ 
ߡǿ֮١ɳɡ 
ҽơ֮ǡ֮ҽ֪Ҳߡ 
㡣ڹ㡣ǿǿҲĲעǿԶ༿ɡ費 
ǿǲҽ֮ࡣ֮١Բ֪޴ʩΡҲйҽ֪ 
֪跴ΪҽЦ֪ʥھ躣۹ǿֽ֮ۡӡʥǧĪӡ 
ߡ֮ˮɡ 
 ֮ĤˮҲҽνˮС¿ڡ©סҲҽָĴҽЦ֮ 
Ժ󡣽Բ֪Ϊҽơˮθθ֮档΢˿Ѫܡ֮ˮɢߡĤ 
Ĥ֮жסҽνĤνͲ֮ĤҲšˮô 
׼ߡ֮١ˮӡ֮С֮䡣ĤһڼǡԻ 
šΪԭӴϵ͡ǰ֮ѭСİ硣ϵʡΪֱǰ֮ΪϽӰ͡СΪ֮ΪнӰ͡ǰסΪҡ 
Ϊٸ֮Ϊ½֮ˮ°סͨˮΪӡ 
ҽ֪֮ϤȻֲ֪ԴͷΡԲ֪Ҳ 
ߡݶ֮١Һɡܳɡ 
ʳ֮ˮ޲ڰס֮価Իݶ֮١˵֪硣֪ˮסС 
ΪҺʣʡ³Ϊ硣νܳߡνҺǳҲ֡¡֪֮ 
ڴԻˮΪԻˮȡǻˮ֮һ֤֮ˮνա 
˱֮Ҳҽơӱ롣Ρϵѭϵִ 
ϵ¡ҽ˵֮·ƾ֪ߡҲϵĻ 
¡ҲŮΪưߡ֮ҡĤһҡʵڰװֻһ 
ȫ΢˿Ѫס֮ͨĻ¡֮ˮΪԻ塣ˮȡ 
˰֮ˮȻΪ͸ڰѭԡΡڿڱϳ֮ʯΪ¶ 
ڿอ֮СΪҺ֮˳űǡȻҲƤë޹󡣼ΪνҺܳ 
Ҳࡣٶˮʶࡣ׳١ˮҲҽӷϵ¡δԳ֮· 
Ϊԭ·֪Ҳ֮·ʵѭϴڷΡҽȶ֮֪Ϊ 
֮·֮·ûȶҲӼ롣֮֮ҲˮҲ 
ҲԿɷΪˮҲѭΪؾҽָ顣Ωھܳӡһָơע 
಻ʶҮˮҺûˮԼûҺɿݡСˮ¡ 
อϡֻ̨صۡһࡣΪ˱ӡˮ 
ϵΪŹơνࡣҲνˮΪ֮ҲԻʽ 
ࡣֿɷΪ֮ӡѾΪΪšȡ塣Ȼߡ 
ҪҲߡҲټšΪҲۡ 
䡣֮อӦ֮Ծ澭อ죡 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>ؾ
ԣǰֻϡ۾ϡ© 
οĿ 
עǰ 
Ŀڶ 
ϵϴˡߡཻҲҲС֮԰ԴΪ˾֮ 
֪ͨ衣ͨġҽ֮ꡣʶΪϡΪϡͨӿʶӡΪ 
Ϊϡʶ֮֮Ϊϡʶ֮СעԼ֮ӦߡָС 
֮Ϊ֮ͨ·Ҳ԰֮˵̲һ 
Ƣڿڡ 
ע 
οڱǡ 
ͬǰ 
ڶ 
ǰǰ¿ڡ硣֮ҲˮˮǰǰΪ֮ϡǰоϡ 
฽ͬͨڰסͨڰҡŮ̥Ӳؾ֮Ϊ֮˾ǰв 
ߡв߲ɲҲǴ¿ڡƢθȻ¡Բλ֮ߡ˾ 
Һ顣Ų㡣ѸءΩԡϹʾΪθʳ֮ʡԴӶҲҽͼ 
ϤȻ֪ࡣη 
ఴڶǰ֮ĸΡ֮ƢθԶΪϡĿ֮岻ܼͬ 
ۡͨᡣѧɡ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>Ů
ԣνŮ֮ѪΪҲھעھߡֲʵָΪע֪֮ 
ضδԡ᳢ϸġ֤Լ¼ˮѪˡܷעִ֮ 
Ԫ΢ҽ֪Ů֮ˮ֮ԲܶϤԴί 
ŮӶߡ 
ΪΪΪŮΪС֮ŮŮݡ 
ߡһ֮ˮһ֮ΪҺҲνˮڰҲ 
̫ͨʢʱ¡ 
ͳֻζξǰθġ졣ӱ졣ᡣڰа 
֮ǰ֮Ĥһҡ˰֮Ĥ͡ڱмΪ֮ϵҲ 
֮Ϊ֮ԴˮҲˮȡ˿ڱ֮ԻΪˮСһ֮ˮ 
Ϊˮ߹ˮϵ֮°͡ڰҲǶ˾֮ڰˮѪҲ 
֮ѪߡΪĻѪʳ֭֮Ϲ顣ڷηĻ 
֮ɫΪѪȻѪɳС֮ˮϡνͨߡڰС 
һ֮ˮȴӶСͨΪ̫֮֮ 
ѪʢѪѭΡСˮϡΪѪһСΪ¡Իʱ¡Ů 
ѪΪ֮ˮѪΪɫʵˮҺҲˮ֮㡣򾭳پ֮͡Ѫ㡣 
򾭵ݡ 
Ӷˡʢ 
ŮвͬθӶˡ֮ˮСŮ֮ 
ѪӹоҲ֮ҡΪ֮ؾ֮ҲȺ졣 
֮춽֮ˮΡ֮ѪˮӦͨ°ΪӦѪ 
ŮѪΪˮѪΪΪѪˮΪѪ㡣㡣ߡ 
Ѫ㡣 
к 
Ѫˮ֮ˮسߡˮѪʡҲΩѪˮϻкӡҽ 
غ֪غֻǷ֮֮ҽӡֻغо޾֪Ӫ 
֮ˡ仯ھӡغ֮ɾݴΪաȫƪ 
͡ӡ 
ͳŮ֮ˮΪ֮ѪΪߡνڰСЭҲŮСк硣 
ӡ˲֪зҩӡ 
˽ѪᡣΪűΪ֮ԭίҪ֮ҲΪߡѭ뼹衣ѭ 
ϡƴƤëŮӸء֮Ѫ¡кСԶëҲѪ 
СŮ֮ˮѪΪ´ÿһкѪк롣ëҲŮ֮ǽ 
ԾѪСӡҽ֪ǺֻԭδʶѪ仯֮Ҳں 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>Ѫ
ԣֻѪ߶ѡˮΪȲۡΩˮڻ𼴻ΪѪ֮δ 
ڴˡ 
Ϸȡ𡣻ࡣġѪ 
ȻࡣסΩѪ䡣дעԡس֮ˮҲس뱾֮ҲΩ 
ˮû˷ԹʢнϢн֭Һ֮Ȼˮû֮ӡ 
ԡ°֮ˮѭϡθʳ֭֮ڷβĴ֭Ļ֮Ϊ 
ɫΪѪҽơʳ֭֮ܡܡѪΪɫһջ롣Ѫ 
ӵߺ֪֭뾱ܡˮڻҲΪɫĻ֮ΪѪҲѪ֮ҽѪڡк׶ 
١֪ߡˮҺ֮Ҳߡ֮ɫҲ 
ʳθġθ羫ƢƢɢϹڷΡͨˮ 
סˮĲ徭С 
Ǳ֮ʳǱڵѪ֮˲֪ѪԴʳΩġʳ 
Ѫ֮ԭίҲˮ֮ˮ֮νθơעˮ֮· 
ҲˮĲ徭ߡνˮҺĲ֮˲жҲʮȲ 
׸Ωʳθġ˵ԻѪ֮дԡʳ֮ʹ֭Ѫ 
Ƣ֮˽ε򻯡Ϊ֭Һҽ֭θȿ൨֭θͬһҲȻΪ֭ڲڡϵ÷ 
֮ɫ׸֭֮Ӹӡ֭ѹʳĻѪѪࡣ¾ͣС֮󡣴֭ 
ġΪѪȻΪѪתСÿоѪ븾ͬͬ 
֮֡ѵŨ֮⡣νҲ֭ŨϹΪѪȻΪѪ˾֭ɢܡҽ 
νгѪܡѪлѪܡѪҽҽһҲߡνڸ硣ظ 
ҽ֮ѪɳѪܵ嶯ݡÿһ֮Ӧ֮ѪбתѪ 
ܡɫϡ̿ҲѪɻءܵݴھܵ÷̿ɫ˸Ϊࡣҷת 
󷿶ֳҲ֮νӡʱҽдɢ硣ɢ֮˵临֡вȷС 
ҽ֮˵֤֮ҽͼӡȻֱܷʮԻѪֱܷʱġΩھһ 
һСѪ֮ʱڡʱߡںʱӪƪӡʥ֮Ҳ 
нȡ֭仯ࡣΪѪ 
ߡܼѪҲ 
θСˮھѪ˳ɡ 
˽Ѫθʳ֭֮ĹܻΪѪɢΪҲˮھѪ˳һ 
ˮȾ΢νˮڻ𼴻ΪѪϡΪк֮ҲˮСڰҡΪˮѭС 
θҺ妻ȡʳȻΪ֭֮ˮҲ֭Ϊˮڻ𡣵Ļ֮ΪѪ 
νˮھѪ˳ҲѪ֧֮ɡɢ⡣ѭ޶ˡͳȻΪѪѭڰ 
С֮ˮӻ衣Ů¡ڴӡҽѪ֭֭Ϊ֡ѪΪ֡˲֪ 
֭֭ˮڻѪҲھΪѪ֮˾ҽ֮˵ν󷿳и¡˷ 
ƥܹ֮·ȴֻ֮·ҲѪ֧֮ɡɢ⡣ѭ޶ˡͳѪѭ 
ڰС֮ˮϡӻŮ¡ 
ѪʵѪߡ롣Ѫϡο 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>Ӫ
ԣӪѪ֮ԻӪߡѪԡӪԡʱҲѪ֮仯оŮѪ֮á 
Ӫ֡档ȫ֮áˡ򲻵Ҳ 
ڹΪӪΪӪСӪܲݡʮȶᡣᡣ绷޶ˡ 
ʮСʮȡΪҹ̫⡣̫ڡжʮȡƽӡ 
ӪѪҲҲѪڡ֮ӪԻӪ⡣֮ԻϱΪ 
ѪΪӪΪǴҲϱָ֭֡ԡΪ塣ΪӡƪǡԸ 
ΪպΪǡԻΪӪΪҲӪСνӪѪġ֮ɢΪڹܴлܸ 
ġƤĤ֮Ϊ֮ҲνڷอƤëԻӪΪ֮ҲӪ 
ߡνӪͨͣ⡣ΪʮȡһһҹӪѪʮȡڷ 
ҽνѪ󷿳Ѫڴ⡣ȻѪⷵڡġѪɫϡĹιܡ 
ȥɫɫߡ̿ҲɫȥԱѪġҷ롣󷿳ѭݡҽ˵ 
ھӪܲʮȶ֮ʵҲνᡣ绷޶Ҳ֮⡣̫Ϊ̫ 
ΪʮȡҹʮȡƽѾڷӪ 
廡¡Ѿʮȡ̫֮𡣽֮Ҳơ˾ǰ 
ʮɶΪһȡһ硣һ硣ҹһǧϢʮҲҽ 
ӡνӡֲֳܷܹ䳤̡ڻѪ֮޴ӡȻҽйŷ 
֮ա 
Ӫн½ 
ܹΪӪΪӪԳнӡֱ֮Ի½Ϊ̽Դ֮ۡ 
ֻȺ졣Ϊ֮ӪѪĶȡ֭нԻӪнǺ֮ҲͳڷΡ 
̫Ƥë֮䡣֮Դµ֮С֮Ҳ졣֮Ӫ졣 
֮ζᡣӪѭ侫΢Ҳע֪ν½֮֡֡ӡ 
ѪѪΪӪΪ¡ν֮Ӫ 
Ӫ¶ȻӪ֮СͳķҲϼ֮ѾȡᷳҲ 
ƪǰڡࡣһڳѾٲοʮ١ŮѪͨᡣ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>
ԣнľˮ֮СӪ˲ϢԻˡ˱֮ࡣӦҲסȲ׸з 
ʪ֮Գ˱֮อһΪӦҲ̫ߡд 
̫̫֮ߡд̫֮֮Աǿ֮Ҳ֪֮ʶӡ 
˵Ȼ֮֮ԭίԾڴˡҽȫ֪β 
֮ϡ֮м֮ϡ֮м̫̫֮ϡ֮м֮ϡ 
֮м֮ϡ֮м̫̫֮ϡʪ֮мνҲ֮¡֮ 
Ҳм֮¡֮Ҳ겻ͬӦ 
˱֮ออһг롣Բ仯֮Ϊ 
Ҳɵ㡣ࡣ֡硣м 
ͬ˾ߡ֮ҲԻ֮ϻ֮ν֮อԻΪǱҲ 
мз硣֮ҲΪ֮Ҳθ󳦾 
𡣴꾭Ρ󳦾ѭ̫Ρθѭ̫Ƣ㡣 
мΪ̫Ҳ̫׾ˮ̫Сִ㻯ԺˮΪ̫֮ϡͳ 
ˮ̫֮ѭġ̫֡ѭ㡣ʶмҲ 
ξľ羭ӴĸԷΪ֮Ϸ֮ 
ʶмҲˮľȡΪ仯ͳ 
ȡľ̫С̫סԻм̫̫Ƣʪ̫ξ 
𡣶ĸ̫֮ͬϡʪ̫֮ξ㡣̫ƢθԻм 
νҲܽġν֮ϡߡ䱾ҲอǱӾ֮ҲɱѭС 
ߡ֮Ҳм֮¡㡣Գָ̫֮ͬϵ֮ĩԻ 
֮ҲͬڱͬС걾в֮ͬӦӡвö֮һپ˺ 
ۡȫڴˡɲ꾿ɡ 
ٰ̫֮֮֮֮ʢ֮߾Ҳ֪Ϊ塣֪ 
ΪáȻԶ˺ȻŮټҽĿδ֪μ  
̿ȡʮʡպ϶ɡνʮʡԾʸȻȡʡ֮δߡֹ˿Ȼ֮ա 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>
ԣ֮ͬ˶֪֮ҽȲ֪ˡ಻Ҳ 
̫ӱ̫ӱӱꡣӱ걾ӺҲ 
อ֮ΪԾ֮Ϊм֮Ϊ֮ͬҲ 
԰˺עž֮Ի̫ӱߡ̫ʪ걾ͬʵӱȻ 
̫ߡ֮СľҲľͬľӻӡ̫֮Ҳ 
ʪӡʲҲ̫ӱӱߡȶ̫걾ʻӱӱ 
ҲȻ̫ߡ֮С̫ˮҲ̫֮СҲͬڱڱͬڱ 
ڱʽԲҲӱ걾Ӻߡ֮С̫ʪҲʪӡ֮С 
Ҳľӻӡӱ걾ҲҪ֮֮ľӻ𻯡Խ 
ʪܲˮʪ֮ͬע֪ˡ֪а֮ʢ֮Ҳ 
̫ΪΪءΪࡣ̫ΪΪءΪࡣ 
֮θˮȻ֭ɡСС´ء 
ŻԺȡ֮Ĥ֮а 
̫֤֮֮Ĥ߹нءаθŻŻ²ֹ 
֤˽˾䡣ת֮Ҳ̫Ϊߡ̫Ρɢ̫ƢӪˡѪ֮Һ 
֮Ĵ̫˾֮Ի̫ΪҲΪߡξ½֮ʹѪǱйİ硣 
Ͻ֮ʹѪԻΪҲΪľںϰ¡ƢΪ֮ 
ת㡣ϼ÷νľΪ֮תҲߡΪ֤ʩ֮ؼɲ꾿Ҳ 
ھйע˺ߡ֪ҽߡ侫תֶ 
԰ע˺ȫڴˡ֮ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>ʮ
ԣָָ֮ˡϹȡϼռбǿ³ݡ󳦡 
Ƿ֮ʴ󳦾ξΪָڲࡣ󳦾ڴָ֮ˡ֧ڴָ 
֮ߡԼͬԴ֮ϹڡԷ֮Ҳڡ⡣ɺϹСءϼ硣աЮǿױǿߡ֮Ҳߡ֮Ҳ࿪ڱǶ֮ϼڱอ 
֮ӦҲ³ݡΡߡɷڴ󳦡֪֮ʡ֪󳦡ȫ 
֮ӡԳอ֮Ѩ߾𡣲Ѩʵอ 
д֮อҲ 
Ρ̫ߡ֮Ҳ󳦾ʳָڲࡣѨ̶Ҳ 
һһԾ֮ѨϹڻڡ׻֮ڡϴƾ ڼ֮ˡ춦 
Ĵ硣ʳ൱ ճҲƳбΪӭѨοڱǶ中֮ڼб 
Ӧ֮á 
\rͼ\pt31a10.bmp\r 
θ¡ݡѭθƢЮꡣϥ¡ָ 
θ¡С档ݡȫߡƢ࿪ڿڡθ֮ 
⻷֮ӦƢб֮⡣ѭԶΪӭѨӡθƢԱƢҲ 
ЮꡣϥѨϥǰ֮Сָֹ֮ 
\rͼ\pt31a11.bmp\r 
θ¡ѭ档ϳݡԡ֡ӭѨºǡΪȱѨȱ 
СΪѨνθ֮ͨŻҲθԶ硣ΪѨϥСѨϥ 
硣Ѩθ֮ᡣ㱳Ϊָ֧ߡָָ֮ˡѨθΪͳǰ 
Թ֮ 
̫Ƣָ֮֮ˡϥɡ븹ƢθЮ౾ɢ¡ 
ָѨϥɡν֮档븹Ƣࡣθθ̫֮С걾ν̫ 
ҲЮʡͬ·Ω档̫౾һһвͬΪ֮ʢ 
⡣̫Ϊ֮¡ҺʹҺڿڡü֮ԻΪҲ 
\r̫ͼ\pt31a12.bmp\r 
ƢָڲѨѭѨѨ֮ڴҲѭϥڲࡣϹ롣 
ƢּʳѨθ֮ʳƢΪʳ֮ϵҲӴθЮʡ౾ɢ¡Ϊ 
ּ֮Ƣ֮ԴӡζƢʳζƢɢ¡⾭Ѩпͼɢθ֮ 
μͼҲ 
֮Сϵ硣СϷγҸ¡⡣ССָ֮ڡ֧Юʡ 
й˵ϵͨڸߡҲҽӡϵҷѪݳΪѪܡ 
ΪڹܡɢอѪܡѭС֮ҡΪܻѪܡġΪѪһܡ֮ͨߡ 
ѪҲҽܡھΪھơӪСӪ֮ϡҲҽ֮˵ӡҽܷ 
ࡣоֻܡġ֪ġר֮ҲϵСС 
ҲϷѪӪ֮ȫڴˡҽνѪ̿Աɫܻعܡ÷ 
̿ɢѪΪࡣġҷ󷿡ҲھϷΡǴᡣڷ֮ 
·ֳҸ⡣Сָ֮ڡ֧ߡЮʡʹ֢ 
\rͼ\pt31a13.bmp\r 
֮¡СΪѪѪ֮·֧ߡϼʡϵĿϵҲڳҸ¼Ȫ 
ѨѭƺǼʡΪѨСָڲࡣΪٳѨѨԾ֦֮ҶҲߡ֮Ѩ 
ߡ֮·ΪҲ 
̫С֮Сָ֮ˡѭ⡣Ƽ硣ġθС 
С̫ѭ⡣֮ͬҲġ̫мθСθԭ 
ӡ˾Ҳ 
\r̫ͼ\pt31a14.bmp\r 
С֮θС֮Ѩ ֮ˡȧ Ѩ 
ߴӾ ѨѨСָࡣѨ˾׺ 
˾̫ͬ 
̫֮Ŀ ϶ۡԺЮסѭ⡣סСָ 
ȫƾΪҲĿ Ŀ֮Ѩ̫Ŀ Լ 
ཻͳһ֮Ҳ϶۶ȫ̫ͷ˰֮Ю֮Ѫϻж 
ͷʷѪڰѪҲڷˮ˺䷢ѡʷ֮ 
ˮҲͷ֮͡䶥ȫ̫Ժ縮ѨΪ̫֮ҪᡣЮʷǹš˺ 
ʹ̫Ϊˮ֮ԭΪ中¡ѭ¡Сָ֮ 
֮ϼ¡һҲ 
ѨСָࡣΪ֮ء̫֮ˮ֮С侭Ѩ֮Ƕ 
ཻʳƾԼ̫֮ͷ档ʢҲĤʮ׵ԹѨ֮ԭ 
ϵϵʮ׵ԡšиࡣƢڻġڼཻڵ׵ˡ̫ 
ġ֮ѨҲǻ׵Էβǡ̫ǻ۴˾Ѩ֪֮ͨӡ 
\r̫ͼ\pt31a15.bmp\r 
֮Сָ֮¡ġѭסϹɹἹѭЮ౾֧ߡġ 
̫Сָ֮⡣Сָ֮¡ԼһһӦҲѭס̫ѭ 
ϹɹἹ븭ԽͨѭߡΡڷζҲЮ౾ߡҺԳ 
ڿҲ֧߳Լཻ뻥֮ 
\rͼ\pt31a16.bmp\r 
ӿȪѨΪɴ©йȻ¡ǰһ硣̫Ϫ׺ϴ˴жھ 
Ϊߡпɡϥϥ֮䡣ϹСסѭһ硣ᡣ 
νĤ֮ҪڴҲѭЮ౾䲻Ѩ֮ѭЮദΪȶӿȪΪ 
Һ֮̽ҪҲ 
֮Сİ硣ҺСѭָ֮ˡ 
ҽν֮档мĤ֮Ҳϵɷϵ֮档ĤΪĤ 
ΪĤνĤߡҲͨ伣ˡʰ֮ҲҸ⡣Сѭ 
ָ֮ˡָӦġڴˡ 
\rͼ\pt31a17.bmp\r 
ֻһĤж鲢İһ硣Ҹ֮䡣ؼ䡣 
Ҹ¡⡣СѨ߶ȡ˳Ѫкİ֮аҲƺ֮䡣ָ֮ĩ 
ѨİѪҲ 
֮Сָָ֮ˡѭֱϹ⡣ȱ衣Сİ硣֧߳Ͻǡ 
ϵΪҡϿڡΪ½ΪСΪнΪѭضϡͳΪ 
ϵΪİ硣ͬ˾ĤҲİĤΪ 
Ҳ⡣ԨѨţܷ֮֮ԭϵҲйű 
ʡ˲֪ΪΪ¡ƲСİȻ֪ϵ֮ʡǿࡣ 
Ҳ˵κ֮档עھ 
\rͼ\pt31a18.bmp\r 
ΪʵһѨءСָָߡƺ߹ǡߡ˹˸Ƿ 
С쾮Ѩ϶硣Ԩ̫ᡣںˮ֮ҲҸΪѨ 
Ҳȱ ѨİɢԸͳĤԺԽ֮⼴ 
ɢ֮ȱϡΪһ֧߸϶СѨΪ Ѩ ԸΡĤ 
֮ԭҲʴ˶Ѩд˶ƶǰΪѨüβϡΪ˿Ѩ߼ڶΪ侭ƶ 
Ӧ֮Ҳ֮Ŀ ƶǰ¡ѭвСָ֮䡣 
ڶ˾֮Ĥζڵ֮ڵ 
อ֮ͨ 
\rͼ\pt31a19.bmp\r 
Ŀ ͫ ѨƶǰСѨƶСѨľй 
С羮Ѩѭԡ֮֡ѨʵӸεڴѨȻҲ⡣ 
ָѨϥһΪѨѭסСָָ֮䡣ѨաڡѨԼ 
Ҳ 
ָ֮ë֮ʡơѭڡС絨ЮθѭϹĿϵ붽 
ڵ߶ 
ëѪ֮ҲѪʸξָ伴ëΪѪ֮顣Ϊڽ֮ͨ 
ξʸҲСԡξʺ޵֤絨ߡ֮м뵨Ҳ 
Юθߡľ֮ԻѭʸŻ֤ĿϵοĿҲ붽 
ڵ߶Ϊ֮ĸڵ߶ӻĸҲĿϵ߶ΪԷԾ˾ͨҲҽ 
衣֮ҩǲ֪衣ϵֲ֪ǡᡣ֪ηա 
\rͼ\pt31A20.bmp\r 
ָëСѭڲࡣȪϥƾϥ֮ѨҲѭڡ֮Ǿ 
ѨëѪйҲٸ⴦ΪѨΪѨ˸֮ļνĤ֮ 
ͨҲӴࡣΪ֮θѭĿϵĿ붽ڵ߶Ω̫ 
ΪѪ֮˾Ҳ 

<Ŀ¼>Ͼ
<ƪ>ζ
ԣʮҲаΪ澭Ȳۡ۴ߡά ̫С֮ 
̫ͳ֮ӡά ֮ǰ̫̫ͳ֮ӡΩбʮй 
֮ҽܡ֦ɱ𡣿νӡȻ粻ھ۾อƩ֮ǧһͳӡ 
澭йҾòιҽ֪Ү 
ٸ֮ڡСЮС֮жɢЮʡ 
Ϊ˺֮Ҳ֮ϡιܶں·ȫѭϡھƳΪ 
ָָҲڳ塣پн档֮Ѫθʳ֭֮ĻѪ¡С 
֮ʹ¡ھơŮӶ߶̫ʢʱҲ֮ΪθѪ֮ 
ڰеԽθѪԽϡѪͨ 
֮˾֪ӡ 
\rͼ\pt31A21.bmp\r 
֮߳Ҳڵ·硣Կ֡Ѩ֮·ֽ 
ҽࡣн֡н֡ͷн֡н֡첻ָѨںδȻھ֡ЮС 
ָѨ֮Ҳ˸ѨʧּԡΪĤҲ֮Ĥϻꡣ 
ѨҲͨѨɢĤءɢΪ¡ȫΡʳ˶ɢ»ᡣʹʳ 
ּСʶֹܼڵѭԡС߷Сϻʡ֮ӡĤ֮· 
֮Ѫ߲֪ͬʮ澭ͬԸอѪ֮·ɢкϲõָѪ 
ܡΪҲ 
ٸ֮ڡ֮¡֮֡ëѭ롣СϺƴڴ֮нѨ붽 
 
ڱν֮Իڸͳν֮ԻΡᡣ붽ءཻǰ 
֮䡣ڴ֮ҲȺ֮ڼڸθ½С 
Ѫ¡ȫڴ˶Ҳˮ۶ˮѪ֮ġࡣˮ𡣼ȼáɡ 
ڴˡߡ֮Ҳ 
\rͼ\pt31A22.bmp\r 
С֮䡣Ѩν붽ᡣ䡣ٸë֮мѨ 
硣ΪԪѨԪԪ֮Ҳβ϶֡ΪѨİ 
Ѫ¡Ӫ˹֮Ѩ֮߰ΪİѪҲССΪ 
ѨϹߡָĶҲӦԡϹˡںϡĹλ֮Ϊ 
Ѫ֮ͳҲ¡ΪнѨ붽ա֧ѭ¡ϸζֹ֪֮ 
ѪͨΪ֮˾Ҳ 
СҡСѭ֮䡣ἹᡣԺ󡣽ߡض 
С 
Сҡһ֮ˮڰȫڶ֮ʹҲӦ֮θ֮ 
Ѫ»ڰСΪζཻõҿˮ֮硣ڴˡѭ֮䡣 
ҲἹ϶СҲϸɱԹἹоݴ·֪֮ 
ǿס·ιѭ롣йҲ 
֮ʵɱɼ¡ڱſܳɼ¡ǴӱԡҲſ 
Ҳɼ¶֪֪֮֮֮˰ 
\rͼ\pt31A23.bmp\r 
ڰСѨβ̹ǶˡǿѨʮһ׵ѨĤҲʮ׵ 
СΪѨϵἹ֮Ϊ֮Ѫ˾˾Ϊ֮ѨҲ׵Ϊ 
ѨཻΪһԪ֮סʳΪϴ׵һСΪ縮϶֡ΪԻҽ 
Ҷ֮зҲ߶ΪٻѨڴˡǰеضšΪضѨν衣Է֪֮ 
ҲϷΪͥϳڴ֮塣±׼ݷѨաѭ¡ϵ롣 
ܹ鶽Ϊ֮ԭܶอʳƶҲ 
ʮ׵ΧһܡǰС 
ʹС֮ӳϵǴŮϵȫ֮ 
Ҳꡣֵ֮֮ͣƢƢŮӴ¡Ƣ´ڰС 
Ҳ 
\rͼ\pt31A24.bmp\r 
ʮ׵֮СǰꡣһܡһѨڼвλͼѨһѨ 
в֮¡һ˷֡硣ΪѨΪάѨƴѡѨҲȻ 
Ѿơڼвһ֮˵ҲྭԻ̫ʮ׵Դ 
Ϊ֮ҲߡνΪԴ֮ҲѨ֮硣ΪߡҲ 
εΪ֮ȻշǸΡ֮ǴܽǰǰζС֮кϵ֮СΩ 
Ƣݡˮʵ֮ӦΪƢ֮ҲѨвǰλ󲻾Ӷλǰ 
ҲɴƢ֪ĤͽƢ֮δƢΪŮԸ˴¡ԹƢҲ 
ڱͳڸͳͨڰɺԽҲ 
СƢλԽںƢҲ߻Ϊáɲ꾿ɡ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>ȫ
ԣอԽԾδߡעڴˡƪڶس֮塣ȻȡꡣӴʷҽȫ 
ͼ΢顣ƤอʸʾꡣԲ֪ƾʵ߲֡οԼ 
ߡԴ澫ѪҲԻˮȶнҺҲ 
ѪǡȲעˮнҺԼӡθס˽֪仯ˮȶ 
뵨ܻˮߡ˶಻֪ҲֻԵʶΪֲ֪Ϊ֮١ע֪֮ 
֮ԻˮߡּԵ֮θľҲҽֱԵ֭θȡȷȡ顣֭ 
Ǣʮ١Ƣθο˼ˮȡȻΪҺĶѪˮΪζΪ 
ԻнҺҲҽԳθ֭ţ֭ˮ֪֭Ҳ֭ҺҲҽ֪֭ 
ǺΩھˮˮ뻯ΪҺڹȹ뻯֭ΪҺҺͽ֪ηա 
Ӫ 
ŮӰߴڵءʴкԻ֮ 
ҽอ֪˶֮ꡣȻ֪Ǻƾʵ֡ 
ǡϵἹͨڼ衣㡣뼹ѭԶΪ߾֮Ҳܹ 
֮ʹ֪˶޲ˬܡʹʵʹҲҽν֮衣ֲ߲֪ͬ 
֮ھǡ֮衣졣Ω͡ĤѪ˿ɢǡԴĤ 
ڹǡĤѪ˿вͬҮѪ֮·ҲڸΡ굨Ů֮ 
ΪҡѪᡣ̥֮ΪҪҽʸӡڰ֮󡣴֮ǰֻ֪Ůа 
֪аŮ֮ŨҴпտ顣ֻ֮һĤⱡɼֻ֪оܡ 
֪֮ܡӰгҲաʱұҽҲ˰͡ 
ӡߡк䵨֭г롣֮к߲ͬڳԻ֮ 
ҽԽ֪˶ǰСںΪԡлءĿڱǡȫͨԾ 
ɢอ֫塣֪˶˾֮Ҳ˵ǰǡϾƪ֭Ǻ 
ҽ֪ɼԡΪ躣ͷԡڹ衣ھǷΪ 
ǡΪߡΪ֮Ҳҽҩ֪อԽԡԴ롣 
·Ү 
\rͼ\pt31a25.bmp\r 
\rͼ\pt31a26.bmp\r 
ҽͼʽߡ͹ߡߡ׵ߡйѡй¹ǽɡн 
ܻعԽ͸ڹǡǡ֪ϵ촴֮աȻҽδ֪ΪǡΪǡδǴ 
ҪδСй֮ϴԩ¼˺ֱۡ۹ǽϾھԹǡ̽ 
ԴͷԻ衣֪Ϊ֫ΪǹˮľڹˮľҲߡĸ 
Ҳ֮衣ֻھǡֹ֮ӡ۳֮䡣֪Ůסʱ޲¡Ӧ֪ 
֮ͽ֪ζҲ 
\rͼ\pt31A27.bmp\r 
˺ԽͼҽǰԽͼߡѭᡣΪ˾ǰԽܽԺΪ 
Ҳ 
\rͼ\pt31A28.bmp\r 
ܾھ֮Ҳ֮ͼ֮Ѫ֮ڶɢϡ 
ǳֺ֮⡣ҽδԡ 
\rͼ\pt31A29.bmp\r 
֮ӪϵΪһĤǰ׺мһҡӵҡŮӹѪ 
֮ڡ˳Ϊӹ¿ڡտࡣپƸʹָԡѪȫơĤȫ 
һһѪڴˡΪ֮Դ 
θСסߡ֮Ҳк档Ի֮кҲ 
֮Իɴߴк֮볦θۡ 
Ϊǻӡաͼϡ 
ΪࡣʹˮȲþô档 
šҲβǡϺڷΡšϡͳ¡֮Ӵ˶ 
Ϊࡣʹš֪Ϊ˾Ϊʹ֪ͳҲӸͷͼ֮ϤǱԵβ 
òμȻࡣʵ֡й©֤ó߶ӡγԵΪܡ 
躣Ѫˮ֮ӦĺΪ躣ΪѪΪθΪˮ֮ 
ҽ衣Ϊ֪˶֮νอ֫塣˾֪˶Ҳҽ֪֮á֪ 
֮νԽȥ·֪·֮ҩҲ֪һ·֮·Ҳ 
ھؾ衣ϸ·ϵἹ衣ɼѭԡǶΪ衣Է֮ 
˾֮Ʃ̺ˮ֮˾ˮ֮躣Ⱦڴˡɢอ֫塣ԹʹáǮ߿ 
ҲǮҲǮǮˡอ֫衣öҲ֮ߡ 
ΡԽĿϵ衣Է񡣽ԴӸ֮衣ͨǡɴӷġɴ 
Ρθֿɴθ֮ҽꡣηաΪѪѪθ֮ˮȡ 
ҺϷΡĻѪѭСȾڰСѪڴˡοΪ 
˵һ˵ΪҲ֮ء֮ΪˡӪΪ 
ߡָ֮ɡںҲǰĤҲ֮мСֻİΡǰߡ֮١ 
ָԡΪָ԰ΡڡʾҲ֮ͨʮ 
ͨ·ԡ֮µһҲԡĤΪ 
ѭǻӡϵ֮·ɴͨڷιܡʷԡǰ͡Ҳ֪֮η 
θΪˮ֮ˮ򡣹ҺѪһ󳦡һס곦θ 
ƢθΪá뿴Ƣ֮á 
ظߡอ֮Ҳ 
ΪΡΪġΪ硣ϵϵǻ֮ĤĤѭǻӶ¡ΪĤ߹ 
һܡڸΡڼϡ¡ڼΪ͡ϵΪ͡ж 
Сθжڴ󳦰סΪҲƢθθϡͼҲ¸ 
Ϊอ֮·Իظߡอ֮ҲԲλ֮Ρ֮ġ֮θƢ 
С൱¡סڰ֮󡣹󳦡ҲѪ 
˾ѪҴڰסСԡν֮ٸѪ֮߼Ҳ֮ڸΡٸвΡв߹ 
ֱ𲿾ӡλ 
طͣͣķΰ֮硣żĤСͨб¡ڡǰ 
֮ĤΪΡͨ½֮·ϵ硣żǰϡ¡θϵ͸ 
θΪСΪ󳦡ΪεΪͣĤ֮ϡнҲΪͣааֱ 
Ĥϼ½Ҳ֪ ֪֮ͨĤ ʶߡʶ塣ҽԻͳĤһ 
һอһɽอθƢС󳦺ءֱϽءӹˡ˱ȫͷСͷ 
»ءֱСס˲ȫ˱ڹרһԻĤࡣԻĤ۵ɽ 
อԻĤҽĤꡣ֤֮˵ʼ 
\rظͼ\pt31a30.bmp\r 
ߡ֮Ҳ 
ǰΪָԡΪ֮ǡָԡΪ֮СԻСΪ֮ 
ǡʮ 
\rͼ\pt31a31.bmp\r 
һĤżǾҶ֮βҲ֮²ͨС֮ϲΪ֮ 
Ĥϵ硣ǰͼֻͼ֮֮ǡ 
ϵϵҲ 
θߡ̫Ҳ 
θɹȡ̫֡θ֮ɹȡʮ 
ʺСߡҲ 
ʺθ֮ϡͶ롣Сθ֮¡Ͷ߽Ϊθ֮ʹʺСθΪ 
θߡҲ 
ҽָĴθϡɹȡСһϳˮĤҽθͨ塣΢ˮ 
θꡣˮҲС֮ҲĤ֮С 
ˮ֮ҲͨƢΪһϡԻˮҲڷΡΪһԲ֭ҲθߡҲ 
֪֮ҽӡֺγϸƴˡ 
\rθͼ\pt31a32.bmp\r 
ҽθиǣסʹö֪ǻ֮ͨϡѭϷͨ 
֮ϡھνθд硣ͨҲԻƢ֮θĤͨƢҽʶΡδҲ 
ȪӢߡҺ֮Ҳ 
Ѩ¡СˮҲ֮ǽҺڿڡȻܲ¡ 
˺ۡԴҺΪ档Ҳɲ죡Ѩࡣɱӡͼ 
ߡ֮ؽҲ 
ΪϵᡣΪͨǽڡ衣ΪڡΪ֮ؽڡι 
ڡ֪ӡҽǡꡣȻ֪ߡȫҲȫǡԴԭ֪֮ 
档 
֫ߡ֮ܡҲ 
ֽ֫ڡڡпչܡ輰֬˶衣ҽ֮衣 
֮費ͬν֬Ҳ֪Լɢ֫֡Խ֮֬͡ǡС 
֬֬͡Ƣ˾˾֬͡Ƣ书Ƣ֫֫֡ҽͼ֮֫ӡϧδ֪ 
ͳη 
ίߡ֮֮򡣽Һ֮Ҳ 
ίҲ̩֮Գ硣ͨҽνغҲڹ̫ 
غ衣ԡʹ̫ࡣой֪غ衣֮ھ֮򡣸ָ˶ͨ 
סߡҺ֮ΪҺ֮֮ί˸֮ڽҲʽθΪڽǡ 
ء֮ءڴˡҽͼꡣȻ˵¡˽Ծ֮δͼҽʸΪΡ 
˴Ϊ޶ࡣ겻֡ھپ֮ҩȡ֮֡ʲͼҽͼ֪֮ 
֮Ҳ 
ʺߡˮ֮Ҳ 
ʺθ֮Ͽڡں֮ˮȡθΪʡˮȲ¡ 
ߡ֮Ҳ 
֮ϹΪ֮ǰ֮ںҲ 
\rͼ\pt31a33.bmp\r 
\rͼ\pt31a34.bmp\r 
ҽΪܡԷ¡֧͸뵤޹֮ˮϳѭءӷ¶ 
ܡǰӺ롣ܡԻҲ 
ߡ֮Ҳ 
ں֮ԡաʳաſԻ֮˺֮ҲΡ 
ҽΪܡǰΪᡣΪư͹ǡԽƤгĽĤշųΧʮСˡܡ 
¶½Ͻշųھơ纮ڻᡣơ˽շҲ 
ڴߡ֮Ҳ 
϶Ի֮ȡڴƢƢз硣ʧ֤֮ 
ߡ֮Ҳ 
ߡ֮硣Ϊܱܷ֮ 
\rͼ\pt31a35.bmp\r 
νתֻںֹࡣȪӢѨԳࡣ 
塣Ļˮ֮ࡣתҲ 
\rӺͼ\pt31a36.bmp\r 
Ӻߡ֮Ҳ 
֮ Ӻ֮´۶Ӵ˳Ի֮ء֮Ρ 
ˡ ϵ۶ǻš޹رɢܳҲࡣνʳ 
ˮҲȻ޵۶ˮ಻С۶ߡʵΪ֮ؼҲ֮ڡڷΡ 
ߡ֮йҲ 
򪼴 Ӵ˷ֳڿΪ١ֳڱΪ顣Ի֮йҲ 
ߡʹҲ 
౾ĴࡣʺΪʹΪ֮ʺ෢֮Եηӡ 
\rͼ\pt31a37.bmp\r 
ҽͼ͹ǡڻ֮¡ᡣа͹ǡΪ͹ǡҲ͹ 
Ĥнǣ֮鶯Թ֮ʹۡ 
֮עĿ 
ǰԸοĿҪҲ֮עĿ΢ӡԡͨĿϵʿ 
ĿͨĿߡҽͨอݴอ֮ѭԽעĿҲ 
֮Ϊͫӡ 
ͫɫڡǹԻ֮ΪͫӡͫӶ顣 
֮Ϊۡ 
֭֮עΪۺ顣ۿν֮֡ԸҲκ顣ԸΪ 
Ѫ֮Ϊ硣 
к֮ڴ۽ߡҲѪ֮֮ġѪѪ 
֮Ϊۡ 
ڷΰǷʪȡ 
֮ΪԼ 
ԼƤθơΪƢ֮ۡɬƢʪҲ 
Ѫ֮ΪϵԺС 
ĿϵСͨԺԼ֮ȫĿ֪Ŀ֮·ӡָѪ֡ҩ 
ɺ򪡣ͨԡ·Ρκѭ·ͫӱ롣 
·δҲ 
\rĿͼ\pt31a38.bmp\r 
ҽ½֮档ӡȻֳܷอ򲻵ηΩھۡƤΪ֮֡ΪѪ֡ 
ΪֺΪ֡ͫΪˮִַĿϵԶͫ˷Ժҽδ 
ˡ 
Ŀ 
̫Ŀ Ŀ ۡĿ³ѨԶĿϵ֮ͨĿ 
ϵ֧֮ߡЮϵĿϵΩ̫֮ĿԻĿ 
ԡ 
ҽ֮衣費֪ͬʵԴ衣ɢǡÿǽнĤ֮衣 
ĤѪ˿ʵ衣ԡҲ 
ڽڡ 
ߡǽҲˮľˮľʹǽڡ֮Ϊ֮ʹҲǽڡڽҽ 
衣ڽԡ˵˶֮ΪҲȻʹ޽ǲ˶ա 
Ѫġ 
ѪиβƢͳ֮˵ȻӪƢڸΡܻؾĹҽѪͼ֪ѪġѪ 
ڷΡ 
֮ԴӪߡܹ֮ڷΡʷƽڡ˾֮ɡƽڸ 
ʹƽƢʹйƽʹԽ֮ζ֮ӡ 
֮ѪߡԷҲ 
֪֮Ҳ֮ҲġִġϵԻšд˵Է 
֮ߡġ֮Ҳ֮Ҳ֮仯 
Ѫ֮ùѪԾ񡣶Ƽйעҡж𡣺οҽ֮ڼա 
ߡѪ妽ǡؽҲ 
ھҽʵһҲҽϡȻֳܷ֪ʮ澭Ѫ 
ʹǹؽܲ򰴾ʩΡȻЧѪ򲻵õָѪҲҽʡĤ 
ĤܻعԽȡھνҽܾ綽ǡҲѪҲ 
Ȼִͬ˵֮Ժ֮ 
·Ƥ˾Ҳ 
Ӫ֡⼴֮⡣֮⡣зֱҲڴ⡣ȴӷ·Ƥ 
һ㡣ڳ⡣ƤëΪ֮ҲӪ˷֮⡣Ƥ֮ڡĤҲ 
ơԻڷ֮·ʡĿŶ⡣η纮ҹ 
Ŀն¡ڹʱӵη⺮Ҳ˽˾֮顣Ӫ̫ҽ֪Ҳ 
\rͼ\pt31a39.bmp\r 
ҽܺͼҲԺܡл¡˿͸Ƥ⡣ɡȻҽ֪ʵ 
׻ԴƤëҲʱˮࡣС㷴١ˮƤëк߰ס 
֮ԴڰΪ֮й 
\rƤëͼ\pt31a40.bmp\r 
ԾдëƤ֮ΡëͺˡѪɢĤжҲк˺ܡëëΪ 
Ѫ֮ǡѪҲѪȻ󷢳ʰëֻˮѪҲ 
־ߡջǡʺ¡ϲŭҲ 
Ƣߡһ졣һ졣Ϊ֮Ҳ־־ԡġʹ־ 
ոλշǡʹԽƢ⡣˼ǡϲŭ־֮⡣աҽ 
֪ȫԡ鲻֡档֮־йͬγ֪־˾ա 
ǹѪСӪǾǿؽӡ 
ŮӾСŴҡʹо֤֮ʮѪӪ 
ҲǹؽڽѪעҲʱѪͶӪ 
ѪͶܾǿ߽ѪӪѪҽѪͼȻͼѪ֮δͼѪ֮ܡֲܷ 
ʮ޵Ρʲ֮ԲͼѪߡһһط׶ѱҲ˼ѱ֮䲻֪ 
֮˵Ҳ 
\rѪͼ\pt31a41.bmp\r 
ҽͼֻѪӪ˶֮ܡǻѪҲִˡйʮ澭ΪҲҽ 
ָĴνƾ֪˽ʸˡܸ澭ѨҾѪҲھĳѪĳѪ 
ͳѪԲáѪ֮ܵҲҽ˱ԺԽอáǡѪܡ 
ܡɢҽ˵ơھ֮ϧ˲ͨġھδҲרѪר 
Ѫ֮ܵ˵ա 
Ƥӡ 
ϼ 
־͡רֱǲɢŭ಻аӡ 
־޲Ƣ޲дЧϡ 
º͡ȡԲͨ֫ڵðӡ 
˽Ƣʺ֮塣ºƢܻ͡ˮƢ⡣Ե֤ƢͳѪ 
֫ںԵͨӡ 
อδۼߡԲڴˡ֮౸ӡҽӡ಻ھ֮ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>
ԣ˱อѪпȻ۲ˡ 
ǳ˼ 
ΪܻѪҺѪС־ϲϲΪǳ˼ǡֻ 
Ѫ͡ҲͨѪֳϲʤǡ˹ӡ 
κ˷Ρ 
νηȻȡηߺҲǷ֮𡣶֮ʵΪԳƤë 
·ʧܺƤëȶΪȴ֢ɢڡΪ˾ɢƢ 
¡סˮ֮ܲˮͣΪȴʹ֢½ 
ŭ˸Ρ 
߷֮ľľܴŭ߸֮ŭľᡣѪܾ߽ҲѪ֮ 
Ѫ֮в͡Ǳߡȫ֮͡ƽѪѪ档ľ¡λϡ 
ӱľ¡ɢ֮ŭλ𷸺ϡ˿Խ֮Ȼ񡣵ƽΪҪ 
ʳ;Ƣ 
ƢͣΪʪΪй̵֤֮ˮΪˮҲʳƢͣʳ 
ΪйΪƢܻʳΪʳҲƢ˶⡣ʹáðȻھ롣 
ݷȡǶƢ֮ʼⷴ䲡 
ʪءǿ뷿 
ܻ֮ʪˮס֫ʪءʪ̫ˡ֫׵֤ 
֮ӡ뷿䳣¡ѽߡǿ뷿ӡ̲ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>
ԣ顣鼴кö֪֪֮֮ 
Ķȡ 
淨νȽơ ȿԡϿڿʡƢسȡȹߡ 
ȡķڿͷĿʹнʳ١ű½С㲻ʧ֤֮䲻һ֮ 
ľΪࡣǻȡ˾ĻѪ𲻿ȳ̫ѪˡĶȡ 
֤޲ÿҩ֮ҲҽȲˮǰ߿̳ȥߡⱻ衣 
ȷڹΪȶĶ֤ΪҽʮʮԴ֮ҲԸӱܡȻҽ൱֪ӡ 
ζ񺮡 
߲Ƥëη֮񺮡䲼֮Ƥë 
ȿԺͣʹ 
ζ硣 
ľ硣硣Ѫú͡ѪазСһзʪľ 
һθΡһѪԷ֮Ѫ֮ΩܹĵѪΩѪܵ硣 
Ƣʪ 
ййƦˮȡ֤ʪࡣƢܿ˻ΩˮʤˮơˮʤȨ 
ƢʪʪƢĤ֮ϡĤˮ֮Ƣˮ͡˼ƢˮҲˮ̫ࡣ 
ͷաֺʪʪ֮ 
 
ؾͨˮϷҺϵ֮˻ҲݽҺ١ˮɬ֮Ʒ 
ˮ 
϶ԡȻ֮ࡣܴ졣ͨһ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>อΪ
ԣΰٳȻΪ֮ΡΪ֤ݡΪ档ֹ֮һ֤νۺ֤֪ 
ӡ´ˡ 
Ϊ档 
н֮ʹ˵ǴٷҲ档岻ضڿڡԻ 
߾ǰ֮λʽľĶٿɬҲǷθ̵پ 
֮ʯѪҲòΪθҲĲֹһ档Ȼ֪ 
ġҩ֪ 
Ϊȡ 
ھп֤޲θڷΡǷܡз̵纮ʿȡ 
ƤëڱߡдӳθĤߡͷ֮ ȶ֤·ͬ ִӱǡ֮ 
ܲ˹׷ִǷǷ߿´ҲǺ֮ܲ˹ءÿȱǰ 
͡ 
Ϊ 
ȡ֣СƸΪľ˸λ겻塣Ż󡣹ʽ 
кľ𰲻Ҳ 
ƢΪ̡ 
Ƣ򡣷нҺߡʱ̡֮״ΪˮȲ֮ʡƢԻ 
ΪǷΪ硣 
Ƿ롣ʺǷߡѡ߽Ը˶֤ 
θΪ档ΪΪ֡ 
ɡΪ˳Ҳθߡ»֮Ҳȸ֮ 
ࡣԷ֮Ҳˮθ֮ʿθ 
СΪй 
йƢθн֤֮ȻܳڳСʽڴС֮СԻȡȲй 
кСֽΪؽ᲻㡣Ϊй̬֮ӡ 
½Ϊˮס 
˾֮ǰע˵½ߡϽķΡнƢθķƢθ֤֮зרΩ 
ϿΪˮ֮·˴ˮϡˮס½йַξӸ¡ 
ͨˮǿ½Ҳ 
ײΪ񪡣ԼΪ硣 
ΪܡɬͨΪˮɷաƾɸѪ͡˻ҽ֮˵ 
Ϊܷɰ֮ԷθҲ֮ΪϡаܾѪܼܡ 
´סͨˮƽڡʹСжȡΥڰˮʹڡֱ 
кˮԼΪ硣°ҡǰ縪¡ߡнҲοʮ 
Լ 
Ϊŭ 
ľ֮Ҳҽ۵ר֪֭֭ھۡľ 
ƽľ𡣻Ϊŭ֮ŭ߽ڵҲ 
อ֤֮һ㡣ٴΪ顣֤ΰٱĪöӡ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>
ԣͳҲ֪ȵáĿӡ 
ѣڸΡ 
Ϊࡣ粡ڸΡ硣νз˷羪ݷ֮ࡣ֤֮ӡνת⧵鳸ҡս֮ 
ǡ˽Խ֮ΪҲѣǻΡ軨ͷĿתǸοĿд˲ҲҽνĿѣ 
鳸ΪνĿϵͨԹʻѣ̫鳸ιʲҽãȻ 
֪ͨԡĿҽνԸ˾²ָηΪҲʷѣڡ 
Ϊ֮Ρ 
 
˾ʷ֤֮ǡĴչٶ㡣֫Ǿм  
ԹǲΪҲ֪ 鳸߲ͬһǺ֢һǷ֢档 
 ڷΡ 
֮޲ͳڷΡԷΪܹ֮ҲʷԵηΡƤë ֮Ƥëߡ 
Ҳ˵νζ ֮ҽëͺˡֱͨƤڴ̡֮ʴ˼ھ 
֮˵Ҳڡ淢Ҳ̵͡Ѫ֮ࡣ֮ڸߡ볩 
ɢ֮ 
ʪƢ 
Ƥ֫ڸʪ͡ˮСͣĤҲȻʪ֤вֹˡԻʪͷĿγ 
űйʹ̵ 񱡣Ƣˮ¸ƢĤ֮ĤˮƢ֮Ͳմˮ 
ƢˮҲƢ֮ʧʪˡò䡣ʪ֮Ƣ 
ʹġ 
Ѫ䡣ѪʹѪȡ涯ȡľѪΪ 
˺ѪַѪֽԲʹƦ׵ȡʹǸʹ֫ʹ޲Ѫֹʽġ 
 ڻ 
νȶ֢νĿ軨ڰ֢ ν졣鳸֤ڻߡǻ 
֡˷νҲŻҡġ ǸνΪơѪ 
 졣֮ 
ʹй¡ 
ν֫䡣ν纮֮ࡣкνֹ¡ν½ҲĴʡ 
кܻ̽ᡣʽ¡֮Ҳ 
Żϡ 
֤һǷҶٲͨҺΪͿԡһֿݲߡΪȻδ 
ڷߡǷнҺڽС֮Һڽʧ¡ 
֮ϽҲ֮Żθ֮ʳθϽϽಡ֮Ҳ 
ɥءڻ 
νڳݽСڽ֮ࡣνսűҡս֮ࡣɥءνٺϲ 
֮ȼ֮󡣻֮Ҳ 
ǿʪ 
ʪʪ͡ʽܷǿ֤֮ 
ϡڻ 
ν¿ǺŻȡǳͷĿʺܲϵĸ֮ЮҲ֮ 
͸󡣽ȡ 
νν֤͡ǸβйƢ˻βйС㲻ˮͣΪ͡Ƣ˻ 
͡ߡڸľƢҲȻϽڻб𡣻Ѫ֮ˮաʹ 
Խڻ 
νꡣνԽνߡ ԫ˽θ̫ѪҲ 
ǿֱڷ硣 
ǿֱ͵ءȻѸ١ܱ֮Ρ͡нǿֱӡ 
Ӧ֮Ҳʷз֮Ϊз֮Ϊȷۺȡǿֱ֤֮ϸ֮ 
֮ġȡ 
볦ͬתʹйˮ볦ΪкǺҲƤĤڡĤ֮ 
СĤ֮ˮ֮·Ҳˮ༤ࡣʹ찴 
֮־֡簴ƤƤĤ䡣ʰ֮ġ֮ˮΪҲԻȡΪ 
ܹ֮ĴĤ֮ʹ֮Ƥ֮ӡ 
ᾪڻ 
㱳׽Է֮㱳ָ֮ëסľȡնθ֮ 
ʪѭעסҲʵ塣ҽơ۽űθˮ̶еΡζ 
˷ʹҽδᡣ֮ʡΩھɻ֤ƸľζΪľľܿˮ 
֮ζʪȺ֮ζҲ¡ҹʪҲʪҲ֪ 
۽ſӡַէէǸξľ𷢡겻֮ʡԽڻ 
ת塣ˮҺǡȡ 
תߡŤҲ߽ǹҲȮ¡塣ͷϥҲˮҺǡС㲻 
Ҳתڲں̫ǰˮĤСȡˮҺǡ֮ 
ȡת塣൱ͬӡĤν֮ڴ⡣ͷԹڹǽڡ 
졣۴֪תǽǣʵĤʹȻھˮҺͬۡԼĤ֮Ҳҽν 
鳸ȡԽǳ֮֮Ҳ 
ˮҺγں 
ΪСΪ١·Ĥ֮Сۺ֤ˮҺгγ֮״֮򡣹Ի 
ں 
Żᡣעȡȡ 
ŻνŻǻҲк֤޺֤ע¡Ｑءó֤ߡ 
ڸξ֮ҲλŻᡣλעйľ͹кá෢ 
ľҲ 
ٳδܾ¼䷲ࡣ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>ʱ
ԣʱ巽ǿ֮ߡอӦʱ֮ҽߵ֪練 
Ʋ 
Ǳ顣Ѫ֡йΪͨɢ亮Ѫ֡ľ 
Ѫϳ塣ɷΪϡľΡʷ彵ƲߡνֲҲ 
Ʋв 
мġвԱߡǾ𡣽ӦƲвԻࡣ 
෢Ҳ 
ƲкС 
δʪƢʪʪʪ򷢶к⡣ʷ֮۶¾ˮ¡ 
¾ˮ䡣֪¡йຮӡ 
Ʋű 
űűϵľΪ෢ߡľҲﵱν֮ʱࡣ 
ƤëĤԺĶΪƤëȡɿĤú͡սࡣ֪ߡ 
ɵű֮ӡ 
Ʋʡ 
ǹǽʹ֫䡣ܴڹǽڡĩ޴˲ˮʢ㡣 
˲ 
ʱ֮һ㡣Ϊࡣ֪һзʱ֮Կʶ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>อͨ
ԣ뵨ͨĲ硣µΪս˲Ϊ 
עһͨ˽ͨ֡¸ֲͨϡν֮ͨ߱ͨ·κƾ˵ʵ 
ҽȻ˵ȵ·ǽ˵ܷҽơ֮อȫСȫ΢˿ܡѪ 
ݴ֪뵨ͨ·Ĥ֮Сǵڸθϵšѭ롣ϵĵ֮ͨ·ϵ 
СĲµս˲ġǿӡֲ֡б档֮֮ζھԿಹ 
ġкĻ𡣼ǲġҲ֮Ҳ 
ͨβͨ󳦡󳦲ƽξΪ 
Ĥ¡Ѫǰ׺󳦡иš󳦴ȫй֮ۡΪ 
ľۡΪѪ󳦡֮ܵԸβͨ󳦡Ҳ󳦲֢ؽᡣ㶾 
֢ƽκѪ󳦡йҲ 
ƢСͨƢйССƢΪ 
ҽͼƢ֮ϡСͨ塣฽о΢˿ͨݴھԡ·Ȼҽ֪ 
ھڮΪδอ˲֡йѧʥ֮顣աƢС 
֮ʪкСǡʵкССԻﲻ͡ȫƢʪ֮ҽν֭ 
ӡСؽᡣŲʳ֢Ƣ 
ͨβˮײΪ 
ͨˮ·ȫĤСϾ֮ʷԶʵͨβˮͣΪ̵ 
к֮ײɷ֮ԭͨΪ 
ͨ˵˲Ϊ 
֮ԭϵͨΪˮ˵Ʃ 
֮ˮԪû Գ֮ӡˮܻ˲ҽ֪Ϊ 
ҽֲ֪ϵΪ֪֮ա 
ȫɿอ·ҽμ֮ѧδ֮˲ΪЦһ̾ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>βɫ
ԣ֫塣ɫ沿΢ѡҾԡʹ˵žҽڲɫδ 
ɫΪΡΪġΪΡΪƢΪκϽĺκƤƢ⡣ϹҲ 
ɫࡣÿɫ֪䲡ָϱ㡣֪䲡֮ڡƩɫΡκϽ֪䲡 
ڽ´ˡ 
ߡʵз ݹ 
 
ɫǱѪ󡣷Ҳ 
ɫʹԡƳȡ򺮡ɫԼҲ 
ΪɫʤľʹΪ֮ɫʤˮ͡ʱԡƳΪ֮ɫȡΪɫ 
䡣ѪҲѪɫٹʰɫࡣ֪庮ɫԼˡ֮󡣹Ȳ 
߱ҲüҲެ߼ղҲ߶Ҳùǡƽֱͥ¼ 
롣Юࡣ 
֮λַอɫҲͣΪڡΪ¼ɽҲ¡ϱ֮ 
ʾСʳƼɡΪ֮ӦҲǾ֮¡á﷨϶¡롣 
ࡣࡣ⡣Ҳ 
\r沿ͼ\pt31a42.bmp\r 
ý׼ͷɽڽӡáެաν˲롣ʲ¡Ķ 
֮˵ҽ䡣롣ɫղڴˡδɾΪҲڷϵϵϵżϵżΩƢ 
θ¡żȻƢĤ֮ڼҲƢѨڱԾҲ﷨֮롣 
λڲࡣ 
ʺҲ 
Ϊü䡣֮ӡʺ֮λอ֮ϡӦϡ 
߷Ҳ 
ӡáξСࡣӦڴˡ 
¼Ҳ 
¼ɽľӷ֮¡ӦСĵӦڴˡ 
ֱ߸Ҳ 
෨Ϊ١ҲڴԸڸаϰ¡λʵķ֮¡ʵڴˡκҽ 
Ըȧȧľ֮塣ȻԾ֮λҲҾ˵ΪƢ֮¡Ի½֪ˮľ 
ιΰ롣ϰƢ¡Ĥ֮ϡθСҲҽټ 
ʧ档ҽЦ֮ν֪ʥˡˡϴΡʥอѨ 
Ϊ֪Ҳνʥอ̸۷ˡ֮Ŵδ֮ 
ս Ȫ¹ʸ֮Сͼ󡣣 
ߵҲ 
ҡԸӦڱҸߡ֮ӦҲ 
ƢҲ 
ָ׼ͷԱϡ׼ͷ¡ʳɡƢǻڡʵӸ֮¡Ĥ֮ϡӦڱ֮¡ 
ΪƢ֮ӦƢͳࡣ׼ͷ֮Ҫ 
θҲ 
϶ֲ⡣˵Ϊ֮ϡǿ֮ԡఴ֡ѵۡಢָ֮緽ҲȻ׼ 
ͷΪö׼ҲλЮ׼ƢԵθ 
ߴҲ 
֡ϼղǼ֮ղ֮Ϊ롣Ǽղެ׼áм롣θǴ 
θλˡ 
ЮҲ 
ö沿ղԡ֮Ҳ¡Ϊˡڿ³н֪֮Ų롣 
ڡɫھԴ˲ɫաöΪϡ 
Ҳ 
ǰԡʵ֮¡ꡣ 
СҲ¡ӴҲ 
޾ɽ⡣Ȼߡ泯֮Ҳɼñ׼ӡӴӹ¡λȡ 
öӱ󡣹ʷַӦںҲӹǰ򵱴λǰӱ¡Ի¡ӴҲΩС 
θӡΪ֮δ׶λΡС֮ĤȫΡƢҲڵθ֮Ƣ֮λڱ׼ϱ 
б֮ԻСҲ谴ɫҷΡĶñƢסȻھ﷨Ϊꡣ 
\rͼ\pt31a43.bmp\r 
ΡüΡüΡ֪üʵΡھƷη֮״üϡüʵ 
йȻѪ粻ڷΡܻüëëѪΪйҲ 
Ѫë಻ëĿ֮λͳ˾ɸĿ֮Ͻԡϵ֮˾ΪѪ 
ڷԻüëΪǡüǡľŭν𡣶ƹü֮ҡ 
áַࡣΩ硣δַࡣ塣ʵ¡Ϊ֮λ 
ެղࡣڱΡҲڶ֮ͳϡԱԲˬҲ 
ɽԡơ 
ɢھߡ緢ָ͡ѡݡš֤֮δϤ١อ 
Ӧ֮ͨһϸ졣ٶ˺֪֮ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>֤
ԣ֮΢ͨŶ֪֮ν֮ 
ľΪΪڱ䶯ΪĻΪΪЦڱ䶯ΪǡƢΪΪ衣ڱ䶯Ϊ 
ܷνΪ̡Ϊޡڱ䶯ΪȡˮΪΪ롣ڱ䶯Ϊ 
ϾܱЦԲ֮а˼ӡ󲡡ڲ 
֮ζƿӡֻɫδܱԳ²ߡ 
ʢʤ˿ߡԡ֮ʪҲԶ΢˸ߡ˶Ҳƶ񲻱ߡ 
֮Ҳ 
Ǽ֪ɡ 
żȻϲߡǽڼ䲡Ȼߡ䲡Ȼϸߡͷв 
ϵġżȻϲξǼ䡣֪䲡¡ 
Ҳдת֪͡䲡н䡣 
Ȼϸ½֡Ե̫ϴڵ߶֪䲡ͷС 
Сڷιܡڱתࡣڴ΢ͣ忡Ͷ 
ǼΥԡɢ顣ϸ˵ȡǱܾҲ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>ʲԭί
ԣҲɻ䲡ҽҲɻ̡ԭί˲η 
ʳ䲻аԻӪƶԻʧʳӴֱࡣʼֺࡣ 
 
ʲ֮ԭҲʷֹڴˡ 
ߡ֪ʼ֪Ů 
һԲ֪֮ʼν𲡼ղΡȫӡ֪мν֮΢ 
֤ؼ֪֮ΪزΪᲡΡΡɵҲԶ䲡֮ʹ޲ˬ 
ŮвֵͬϼƸв鲡״֮ʵӡ˶ʷꡣϸ¼԰֤Իһʺȶ 
ͷʱ㡣ʳء˿ʾ档ʾɲʮټӷҩλ䡣ȱʾڡٱ 
Կ顣ơ컨ȫռ顣 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>Ҫ
ԣ֪֮ӡȻھپԺӭȡڡȥͼΪҪעԶȡ 
֮ 
ʮСжȡڡԾ֮νҲ 
ڼƺ֮Ѿʡ塣ҽ֪Դ˹νж 
֮Ϊ˸ǲ֪йˡΪνʮΪߡѴҽ˵羭 
档ҽȲ֪εó޿̸ա 
Ȼߡ֮ᡣ̫֮Ҳһ硣һϢ硣һһҹһ 
ǧϢʮȡʮȡʮȡΪһܡ̫ߡ 
֮ʼʷȡڴҲ 
˵γΪǡ֮޹ڷΡʼδ֪֮ࡣ˵֪ͨӪ 
ΪʼʶȡԽӡ֮Сҽ֪ӪѪ֮Сҽ֪֮ҽơѪĹܡ 
תΪɫ̿ҲѪ·ιܡ֮֮ɫɢĴ˼ھӪ֮ӡ 
һϢѪ֮󷿡һϢѪ֮ҷȻ֮Ѫ롣һһҹӪѪ֮С 
ͬӪѪϢϢг롣֮ССһܡ˸ڷΡӪѪᡣСҲ 
廡ҹ¡ҹжʮȡ˸ڷζӪӪԸ̫Ա𡣲 
ɻҲӪอ⡣Իڷιʶȡอӡơ˾ǰҡʮ 
ɶߡһΪһȡҹһǧϢʮȡ侭֮д֮·ھ 
ӪƪȲ۹з֪ӪѪСӪΪʮҹӪΪʮ 
ھҹ¡ӪѪ顣Ҳ۴֪Ӫ฽֮ӪܶʼһϢڷġ 
бһȡ˷ڷҲʮȡ֮оڷԻอ֮ʼҲڷΡʼ 
อҽ֪Ӫ֪֮Ѫܡйֻ֮ǳ 
ӹߡǳ֮ҲӹʡǴ֮Ҳ 
ߡߴֽ֮ءν߹ΪҲΪǰΪ硣ķζ 
\rͼ\pt31a44.bmp\r 
ҽνܡѪܡӦ֮ࡣεֻѪΪϡ 
ֻһεֳַسߡ˵ǶʵҲϸϡ¡಻ 
һзɢϾ֮𡣴ߡ֮ۡᴦΪӪ֮ҪʼԴѪ֡ 
ֳ¡¡֮ǰִַΪΪ֮в 
֮ڡز֮ߡڴ硣Ѫ¡߽ڳҲ 
ϲͷ֮мҲвˡ֮мҲ²ء֮мҲ 
˼ھϾߡغ¡¾ߡٸ֮塣֮ϡ¡ࡣ 
ӦġҴӦΡΡҹƢҳšǷ֮塣 
ߡˮΪһΪضҡˮľľ𡣹ĸξλ󡣻𡣹Ƣ 
ξλҡҲָ֮֮Ϊ󳦡ξҹϴ粿ҹ 
߲ӡʱҴ硣ܼһҹҲθƢҹءšҳ߰״ߵ 
Ρ䡣ءСġ硣Сߡλ֮ϡС֮Ҳอ֮λΡ 
֮塣ͷǰ粲ڴ粿Ҹ¸ʴԻԵڹزСβϥš 
Եڳ߲ھϾ֮ʵּ֮΢ӱ֤зֲ﷨к﷨Ҫͨ 
ҽ֪Ҳ 
\rͼ\pt31a45.bmp\r 
ɾλиεСҷƢθ󳦡ξָΪСεסҷδ 
ƢθšȻδ֮塣˷ΪСظε׼СҲҴд󳦡ҹƢθ 
ҳҲǴС򸽡ڷͨҲߡҲм硣м¡ 
ŷδ֪֮ϵҳߡ˱ 
źߴسҲź߸гҲ 
ھź֮ͬȻͷ֮ѾáʼѾԴسΪиг 
Ϊź 
ΡΡ֮ƢҲСҲķξ㸡ɢҲɬ߷Ҳ 
ҲζߡҲ֮妾ָʵߡҲƢݹС֮Ҳ 
ϽԲλࡣԺҲķϲ֮ʺķΡһҲ 
²֮һҲ֮䡣Ƣй˾һʺϢ 
Ϊ޲һһ̫һһ಻˲֪֮塣֪֮ʡ¡ 
ԸгֱҲ˼֮СᰴΪΪķӦ֮ɢӦġ 
ɬӦڷΡذ˼ΪΪӦ֮ζ֮ξ妶ʵ߻֮ 
Ƣݡ֮ҲԳķƢθȡ֮塣෽ӡ 
ҡëʯʱθΪʱ֮䲡֮ҪҲ 
顣ëʯҲθ˺ͻ֮ҹëʯͻΪθʱ֮䡣ν̫ 
θ֪䲡ӡʱֹ֮鱾θָԻΪٳ֪θΪ֮ 
ּѧ˿һ 
߸ҲҲΪȡΪΪȳΪ 
ӦʳӦΪȡҲΪҲԳอ 
δȻΪȡΪһߡ֮Ѫ֮䡣СѪ֮Ѫ 
١򶯳Ѫִַ֮ϸ¡ͬϡҪѪ⡣ 
ҽзֱ 
ҲҲҲҲҲɬҲ侭ڡ˳Ҳ 
ΪɬΪݴβѵҪٷָԶ˳档˳˸Ϊ 
֮޶塣򾭶˳档䷨ϸҽ֪Ѫܡ֪СѪ⡣Ҳ 
ҽơĤʡ⻬㡣Сסɸ˼֮Ҳֻһ㶯 
ʳ޲λ֮֡졣Ҳʸ֮ӴƶѪܷ޶ҽ顣 
֪ʥ֮Ըҽʥ顣ɲ䲻Ҳ 
﷨ȫѾھͷ㡣Խ˱䷨Ⱥסʼڴˡڷ˴֮ 
顣ӡ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>δ
ԣ֮ߺ֮΢֮ߴ֮֮֮֮߳ɢ֮߹֮֮ 
߻֮ɢ֮֮֮ƽ֮ 
Ժȡκɢƽ֪֮Ω΢֮ߴ֮΢΢С 
޵Ѩ̡֮Ϊҽ֤Աѹءߺ֮֮ҲȻ֮΢ߡ 
֮ߡƼȡʹڷĶ֢߶ӡԲ֪ߴ֮Ҳ类ء 
ˮֻ𶾷ĶҲȻ֮ɲҮ 
Ρ߷Ρáááͨͨáʼͬʹƻʹʹ 
Ϳʹѡ 
ԺȡκΪΡȲȡӺΪԷ֮ҩ򺮶á 
ҩȶáν֮Ҳá治´ӶԽ֮ͨͨáкֹӶ֮ʼ 
롣֮ͬ벡Ե֮ҲĪ⡣ʿƼ 
¡ȡ֮ϡϡȡ֮¡Сȡ֮ 
βĩԴίС㲻ҲȻķδ֮ʵȡ֮ͷĿ 
䡣ҲȻǸ֮аϷʵȡ֮¡СƢθȻ֮аȡ֮ 
η֮ꡣ顣Ȼܶھ塣ηѾߡҽζִš 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>ζ
ԣҽԡ˹ҩԶ֪ʵݡйרɫζַอӰ޾ӡ֪ҽ˵ 
ªԻްաΩƾӡΩСר˵ԵðȫƩٹá 
Բȡˮ׷ʯ֪֮νйνйԱȡ䴿 
ˮȴʶܷйνȻҽйΪʵҲʹ 
ζԡ֮һ֮òȫ顣˳ҩδҮ 
Ϊ졣ΪءΪΪζ 
ͬһءͬһ֮Ա仯֮ҩ֮áǺʳ 
ʳζζּ֮Ҳ 
ζϡࡣʵ֫ζŨΪΪ֮ 
ŨΪΪ֮ζŨйͨйŨȡԪԻ֮߷֮ʵ֫ 
֮߹֮ࡣŨΪ֮ζŨΪ֮Ϊ֮С 
㡣̫֮ҲζΪ֮Է̫֮Ҳ֮ͬζͬͬ 
ζ֮ͬŨòȡԻζ֮ߡͨƽҲζ֮Ũй̿Ҳ 
֮Ũ߷ȡҲ֮йʵƽҲνСйνС㡣Ǳҩ֮󷨡һ 
Ҳҽζô¡Էȡþζҽ֮ 
ʷɢΪӿйΪζӿйΪζйΪ߻ջɢ򻺻򼱡ᡣ 
֮ʹƽҲ 
ɢɢ֫Ҳӿ¡ййС㡣ν̵Ҳ Ի 
ҲζҲɶɶ档ᡣζ̿ζԼ 
ɢζչζɢ߳͡ζʿԻҩ֮֮ܵʹƽ 
עζ෴֮ԡѧ˲֮ 
֮˵Իҩղʱĸնлζߡ 
ŨߡζŨ߳ζƽ߻ɰζߡƽƽ΢΢֮ǡߡʺƽƽ 
֮Ũߡ֮ҩζŨߡຮ̺֮ҩǡζƽߡ֮ԡܼ档ҲʱԻ 
޽޸޳ȻҲһ֮СиҽȽ֮ͬϸɡ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>ζ˼
ԣҩ֮ζйࡣ˺öɡʸ˼ɡҩζ֮ƫԵࡣ֮ƫʤҲƫ 
ѡƫ̫ˡ 
ɢʳɢ֮֮к֮ 
ľɢɢɢ֮ǽ֮ζȻʵľ֮Թܲľ֮ζá֮ԡ 
кΡ 
ʳ̲֮֮к֮ 
Ϊࡣᡣͼʳ̵֮ˮζ߻ԡѪΪ֮ζк 
ӡ 
ƢʳԻ֮ÿк֮ʲ֮ 
ζԡʵľζߡýԵˮζߡûΩΪζζ߼ԡߺҲƢ 
򲻺͡ʳԻ֮Ը֮ζƢܲҲԿк֮ߡཱུζ෴Ҳ 
աʳ֮Ჹ֮к֮ 
֮𡣼򷴳֮ɢҲ 
ἱʳԼ֮ÿಹ֮к֮ 
ʯᲡʧΩζߺܼ֮֮Կಹ֮к 
ʳѪѪʳ̿߹ǡǲʳࡣ⡣ⲡʳʡ߽ 
ʳᡣ 
֮ζ˼塣ܼ̫֮ΪҲ 
շθ֮кġкƢƸкġкƢܼζ֮áǳһ;Ҳ 

<Ŀ¼>¾
<ƪ>߷ʮ
ԣ߷᪲νж١ʢ˥л֮ͬ߷֮ʮڱ֮šν 
ʮҩ֮塣֮ʧΩʮȱˡּӺȶʮҽߵ߷ʮ֮ 
ͨΰٲ 
 
м֢аǿʢǴ֮ܿپ֮һһ¡ȡءҩζʤС 
СҲѧ˿ơ 
С 
֤аǳҩٷᡣвֹپС֮΢ССС¾֮΢¡С֮ 
΢ɢȡвֹ̫Ҳ´ˡ 
 
֤֮ٲܳɹ뻺ҩ֮Ըʻ֮ߡ˸ʲľҲ軺֮ߡ÷ 
ξҲжǣʹԲóҶ֮ߡηٲϺɢϡʮҲ 
ȡЧĿƼ塣֮۰Ҳ 
 
ƼЧپ֮˴֮֮ࡣǷɢ 
;󶨲顣˶á 
淽 
Ҳжҩǣȡ񡣼پʹö 
ööȡ塣Ȼ淽ҩζ١Ҳ 
ż 
żԵԡ²ƷƩپù֦򷢱֮Ӵһζӡ֦ 
ù֦֮Դż֮ҲͬáнͬáͬýǴ⡣ 
 
ظ֮塣֤á֤򻯺ΪһҲ֦Խһϡɢ 
б֮⡣ҩƷθ̱ɻΪɢټƷ׿ŨΪͨʥɢ֮ 
ߡҩ෱Ҳ֮᪲ȥż֮Ǹ˴ȥӡż֮ȥȡ֮ν 
䲡Ҳ΢Сȡ֮ҲȡԷͬȲκʹʼͬ 
߷֮⡣з֮ 
ɷ 
첻㡣˲ζɽ֮Ҳ첻㡣˲ƢľӹƢ֮Ҳ 
˲Ρ˲ҲѪ˲ΡҲ˲ġҲ֮ڲӡ 
ؿ 
֮ĵȾҡ֮ࡣ¡˶㡣ŭ档 
«衣̵֮ࡣ˰֮ࡣʯ֮ࡣԵƾ 
ȥʵ 
纮֮аӸ֫塣֮ʹ⡣پ𡣽˲ΰܶɢ 
Ʊɾ֮ࡣСΪɢܷ֮Ӽ֮ԺӪȥаɡ 
ȥա 
ͷĿǲʵ̵ءˮ𽻽ᡣ¡ɢν֮ȡͨ 
ɢȡ絨ʲݱɡ䲼ɢԽңɢ֮ࡣɢ衣ɢ⡣ 
ͨ 
ͨ͡Сߡľͨʯһɢ֮Ѫߡ÷ɢ֮ࡣ 
ζߡС㡣ýˮ֮ҲҩƤͨС㡣֮Ҳ 
йȥա 
аʢйӴ֮кʵкʵкйʳй 
Ѫʮйˮط蹥ɴ֮ߡй֮ࡣ 
ȥ 
νȥҲ 
̵ճܡ֢ǡ˻Ե֮˪ɢƤ֢֮Ҳ 
ɬɹѡ 
翪кž֮ࡣɬ֮ҡֹ ֹֹ 
̾ɢֹֹС㡣ԼĵǺ١ɬζڭζɬػƸ 
ɬӺѪƷΪˡ 
ʪ 
߿ҲѪҺݽߡΪﲡʻΪ˲ΰ׻ӻۡࡣȷᡣ 
衣ʳ˵֥衣Ρ˰֮Ѫ򵱹ػơ󶬻ۡ 
˿߹֮ 
ȥʪ 
֮ʪ֮ʪΪ̵˶֮ʪͣ硣ɢ֮θʪƽθɢƢʪ 
κʪҲʪ֤֮ҩԿ֪֮ĸưɢˡ 
ʤȡ 
ߡ֤̫֮Ҳ֤˺ű졣һСԺҩ֮˳롣ӡʺ֮ 
׻¶֮ࡣຮ֮к֮ࡣַθȡʯࡣĸȡ 
ư֪ĸݡ 
ȿƺ 
Ҳȡƺ֤֮Ʒӡϸ̫֮Ƣ 
֮÷θκηκޯ֮ȼͳﺮ֦ͳαѾ 
¼ߡ֮ 
ھءֻżپ֮߷󱸡ʱʮ֮˵ʮ֮ԢԱ֮šʮ 
ȶߡ֤ɳƾϸҽνйҩ֪ʸȥ֪ġ೦޹֮ա 
֮ȿδ϶áһԪʸ֮Ԫྭܸ߳ھ֮ϡ 
Ԫ֮ηҲ֪ʸֹ֮뷨΢첻緽ҩ֮پԷҩβΪҲ 
˲֮ʡżҽʸЧΪ档֪ʧΰҲĴĳԺһԿڴ 
ϵڶϾԡ֮֮Ҳҽ֪ȥ䴯֮ҩν⡣۲ܾ١ 
ն¿ĳҽ丹ˮ롣֮ 
֮͡Ρ͸ҽΪΡ֪ˮ֪֮ˮ˲ 
֮ννҲܰ졣¾¾ϼ״ǣ¾©С 
΢ʹʮһСвܡ״ȻǰСҶӲʯԻϵӸвĤ 
Сʱʹ´©Ӹ֮ҲϵΪ¾ȻԻҽơڡ 
Ρ©ֹҩҲ㲻ʱ͡ÿ˾һ͡ҽͬ 
ߺԻڸšϰˡΪǧޡ֪ѧ¡ڰɡīӡҽ 
ʸ໪Ԫ֮ɡ˹ӡ䷨Ҫǡйδת֮̾ҲҾ 
֪ڡʾӲǰԲ¡˲֪Ҳ¾ԻȻǰʱԶԡԻ˲֪ 
ϵšڶǰءƶλҡʼҶ 
Ӳס״ߡϵڡиѪŧҲپ֮Ч˳ҽжδ׼Ϊ⡣ 
ʥ׼ȷζ˿ΪҲйθԲ ߡԻߡԶ 
ߡ߰ˮߡԽߡߡڴƹθ֮ǲθҲҽθ֮áû 
ˮٹմմĵ÷ۡĩˮ˷Ȳáʳ˼ʳ 
ΪθอƤ⡣֪۾硣ָҩδˡ֮˵˻ 
˹ԡȡҽ鿼֮Ұҵ֮ˡ̸֮ҽȥ̡֮ñ̡֮֮֮ 
֮ܡ컯֮־δ֮ 

